Abstract

The inhibitory effects of diol, triol and total saponins isolated from red ginseng on the lipoperoxide formation in vitro and in vivo were studied and correlated with anti-aging. To this end, antioxidant activity, induction period and lipoperoxide were measured by the methods of electron donating ability (EDA), peroxide value (POV) and thiobarbituric acid(TBA) value. Also superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase activities were measured by the pyrogallol autoxidation method (${\Delta}A$ 420nm/min) and initial velocity(${\Delta}A$ 436nm/min), respectively. Diol and triol saponins were fractionated by Kiesel gel column chromatography ($CHCl_3$-MeOH-$H_2O$, 65:35:10, lower phase) and identified using authentic ginsenosides. The compositions of diol and triol saponins were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The comparative experiments of EDA, TBA value and induction period in vitro were carried out, and it was proved that triol saponin was more effective than diol saponin. This may be explained by the structural feature that triol saponin in contrast with diol saponin does not have glycoside linkage at the $C_3$-OH residue of 20(S)protopanaxatriol, and the hydroxyl group of $C_3$-position in triol saponin seems to be closely related to the antioxidative action. From the comparative study of diol and triol saponins on intraperitoneal (i.p.) and/or oral (p.o.) administrations, it was found that triol saponin was more effective than diol saponin in the inhibitory effects on the lipoperoxide formation of liver, kidney and blood. From the comparative experiments of superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity for both the i.p. and p.o. administrations, it was similarly indicated that the triol saponin group showed remarkable inhibitory effects in comparison with the diol saponin group. This may be due to the scavenger of superoxide radical ($O_2^-{\cdot}$) by SOD in liver. In particular, the orally administered group showed more stronger inhibitory effects on the lipid peroxidation in comparison with the intra petraperitoneally administered group, suggesting that the continuous oral administration was more effective than the temporary administration. The peroxidase activity also showed a similar trend to the SOD activity in vitro and in vivo experiments.

홍삼의 diol saponin과 triol saponin의 항산화작용에 의한 노화억제작용을 구명하기 위하여 Kiesel gel column chromatography에 의하여 diol saponin과 triol saponin을 분리하여 in vitro 및 in vivo 실험을 통하여 total, diol 및 triol saponin의 과산화지질 생성억제효과를 비교하였다. DPPH에 대한 전자공여능 (EDA), POV 및 TBA value에 의한 과산화지질 생성억제작용, superoxide dismutase 및 peroxidase 활성 등의 측정으로 이들 saponin의 항산화작용에 의한 과산화지질 생성억제효과를 비교한 결과, triol saponin이 diol saponin 및 total saponin.보다 과산화지질 생성억제작용이 현저하였으며 장기간에 걸친 연속투여에서는 total saponin도 상당한 효과가 인정되었다. triol saponin이 diol saponin보다 효과적인 것은 sapogenin인 20(S)-protopanaxatriol에 glycoside linkage를 하고 있지 않은 $C_3$-OH가 존재하고 있기 때문으로 판단되며, 장기간에 걸친 연속투여에서는 PT/PD ratio의 변화가 예상된다.

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