Optimum Culture Environment of the Benthic Copepod, Tigriopus japonicus

부착성요각류 Tigriopus japonicus의 최적배양환경

  • PARK Huem Gi (Department of Aquaculture, National Fisheries University of Pusan) ;
  • HUR Sung Bum (Department of Aquaculture, National Fisheries University of Pusan)
  • Published : 1993.08.01

Abstract

The harpacticoid copepod, Tigriopus japonicus is one of the most important zooplankton as a live food for the production of marine fish fry. Thus, the salinity tolerance and the optimum culture environment of this copepod in terms of salinity, temperature and light were examined. The food values of 6 kinds of phytoplankters and 2 kinds of yeast were also investigated for mass culture of this copepod. The results are as follows: After 5 day culture in the experiment of salinity tolerance, the survival rates of the gravid female at $0\%\;and\;90%o\;were\;40\%\;and\;70\%$, respectively. However, at salinity ranging from $2\%o\;to\;80\%o$, high survival rates above $85\%$ were observed. It means T. japonicus is very euryhalinous species. Temperature was more important factor than salinity for the fecundity of T. japonicus. The optimum culture conditions of this species were $24^{\circ}C,\;24\%o$, and 3,000 lux with 24 L: 0D. Under these culture conditions, the average fecundity from a gravid female per spawning was 38 nauplii, and the interval time between spawnings were 2.05 days. Phaeodactylum tircornutum seemed to be the most suitable phytoplankton as a live food for T. japonicus, and the large chlorophyta, Tetraselmis suecica showed the lowest food value among 6 phytoplankters and 2 yeasts. The food value of w-yeast was better than that of baker's yeast, and it is similar to that of phytoplankton such as Amphora sp., Chlorella ellipsoidea and Nannochloris oculata. So, the w-yeast seems to be appropriate food source for mass culture of T. japonicus.

부착성 요각류중 Tigriopus japonicus는 어류의 종묘 생산시 먹이생물로서 매우 중요한 동물성 플랑크톤이다. 본 연구는 T. japonicus의 염분 내성과 최적 배양 환경 (염분, 온도, 빛)에 대해서 조사하였고, 대량 배양을 하기 위한 2종류의 효모와 6종의 식물성 플랑크톤에 대한 먹이 가치를 조사하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. T. japonicus의 염분 내성 실험에 있어서 배양 5일 후 포란 암컷의 생존율은 $0%o$$90%o$에서 각각 $40\%$$70\%$로 나타났다. 그러나 $2-80\%o$에서$85\%$ 이상의 높은 생존율을 나타내고 있어 이 종은 매우 광염성이라고 생각된다. T. japonicus의 최적 배양 환경은$24^{\circ}C,\;24\%o$, 3,000 lux 24 L : 0D였고, 이 때 한마리 암컷의 평균 산란수는 38마리였으며 평균 산란 간격일은 2.05일이었다. T. japonicus의 가장 좋은 먹이생물은 P. tircornutum였고 T. suecica는 먹이 가치가 매우 낮았다. 그리고 유지 효모의 먹이 효율은 빵 효모 보다 높았고, Amphora sp., C. ellipsoida N. oculata와 비슷하게 나타나서 T. japonicus의 대량 배양시 좋은 먹이라고 생각된다.

Keywords