Nonlinear Adaptive Flight Control Using Neural Networks and Backstepping

신경회로망 및 Backstepping 기법을 이용한 비선형 적응 비행제어

  • 이태영 (서울대학교 대학원 기계항공공학부, 정밀기계설계공동 연구소) ;
  • 김유단 (서울대학교 기계항공공학부, 정밀기계설계공동연구소)
  • Published : 2000.12.01

Abstract

A nonlinear adaptive flight control system is proposed using a backstepping controller with neural network controller. The backstepping controller is used to stabilize all state variables simultaneously without the two-timescale assumption that separates the fast dynamics, involving the angular rates of the aircraft, from the slow dynamics which includes angle of attack, sideslip angle, and bank angle. It is assumed that the aerodynamic coefficients include uncertainty, and an adaptive controller based on neural networks is used to compensate for the effect of the aerodynamic modeling error. It is shown by the Lyapunov stability theorem that the tracking errors and the weights of neural networks exponentially converge to a compact set. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for an F-16 aircraft model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.

Keywords

References

  1. G. Meyer, R. Su and L. R., Hunt, 'Application of nonlinear transformation to automatic flight control,' Automatica, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 103-107, 1984 https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(84)90069-4
  2. S. H. Lane and R. F. Stengel, 'Flight control design using non-linear inverse dynamics,' Automatica, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 471-483, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-1098(88)90092-1
  3. J. H. Hedrick and S. Gopalswamy, 'Nonlinear flight control design via sliding methods,' Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 850-858, 1990
  4. P. Menon, M. Badgett, and R. Walker, 'Nonlinear flight test trajectory controllers for aircraft,' Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 67-72, 1987
  5. D. J. Bugajski and D. F. Enns, 'Nonlinear control law with application to high angle-of-attack flight,' Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 761-767, 1992
  6. S. A. Snell, D. F. Enns, and W. L. Garrard Jr., 'Nonlinear inversion flight control for a supermaneuverable aircraft,' Journal of Guidance Control, and Dynamics, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 976-984, 1992
  7. C. Schumacher and P. P. Khargonekar, 'Stability analysis of a missile control system with a dynamic inversion controller,' Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 508-515, 1998
  8. C. Schumacher and P. P. Khargonekar, 'Missile autopilot designs using $H_{\infty}$ Control with gain scheduling and dynamic inversion,' Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 234-243, 1998
  9. K. Funahashi, 'On the approximate realization of continuous mapping by neural networks,' Neural Networks, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 183-192, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(89)90003-8
  10. K. Hornik, M. Stinchcombe, and H. White, 'Multilayer feedforward networks are universal approximators,' Neural Networks, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 359-366, 1989 https://doi.org/10.1016/0893-6080(89)90020-8
  11. J. A. Farrell, 'Stability and approximator convergence in nonparametric nonlinear,' IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 1008-1020, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/72.712182
  12. F. L. Lewis, A. Yesildirek, and K. Liu, 'Multilayer neural-net robot controller with guaranteed tracking performance,' IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 388-399, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1109/72.485674
  13. S. N. Singh, W. Yim, and W. R. Wells, 'Direct adpative and neural control of wing-rock motion of slender delta wings,' Journal of Guidance Control, and Dynamics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 25-30, 1995
  14. B. S. Kim, and A. J. Calise, 'Nonlinear flight control using neural networks,' Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 26-33, 1997
  15. R. T. Rysdyk, and A. J. Calise, 'Adaptive model inversion flight control for tilt-rotor aircraft,' Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 402-407, 1999
  16. M. Krstic, I. Kanellakopoulos, and P. Kokotovic, Nonlinear and Adaptive Control Design, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1995
  17. B. L. Stevens, and F. L. Lewis, Aircraft Control and Simulation, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1992
  18. E. A. Morelli, 'Global nonlinear parametric modeling with application to F-16 aerodynamics,' Tech. Rep., NASA Langley Research Center, 1998
  19. P. A. Ioannou and J. Sun, Robust Adaptive Control, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1996
  20. K. S. Narendra, and A. M. Annaswamy., Stable Adaptive Systems, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1989