The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Genetic Variations of Pleurotus spp. on Subculture

느타리버섯 속(Pleurotus spp.)의 계대배양에 따른 유전적 변이

  • Kang, Kyung-Hong (School of Natural Science, Jeonju University) ;
  • Song, Ju-Hee (Department of Biology, Graduate School, Jeonju University) ;
  • Kim, Hong-Nam (The Natural Science Research Insititute, Jeonju University)
  • 강경홍 (전주대학교 자연과학부) ;
  • 송주희 (전주대학교 대학원 생물학과) ;
  • 김홍남 (전주대학교 자연과학종합연구소)
  • Published : 2002.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The genetic variations and the rate of mycelial growth in the dikaryon and the monokaryon stages of Pleurotus spp. were surveyed during their subcultures. The highest growth rate was observed on both the 3rd and the 4th subcultures. The remarkably rapid growth rate was detected in P. ostreatus dikaryon. Genetic similarities in the dikaryon and the monokaryon of P. ostreatus were more than 57.5% and 85.7%, respectively, and those of P. eryngii were more than 85.2% and 84.8%, respectively. The genetic similarities of monokaryotic P. ostreatus were higher than those of dikaryotic. The topology of phylogenetic trees showed that the divergence and the clustering patterns of branch did not correlated with the number of subcultures. This suggests that genetic variations occur very randomly on mycelial cultures. These results suggest that the monokaryotic mycelia is genetically more stable than the dikaryotic in subcultures, and that it is very useful to stock monokaryotic mycelia for making spawns and breeding of Pleurotus spp.

본 연구의 목적은 느타리버섯과 큰느타리버섯의 균사체 계대배양에 따른 유전적 변이 양상을 조사하고, 각각의 이핵체와 단핵체를 RAPD 방법으로 계대배양 횟수에 따른 변이를 조사하는 것이다. 또한, 유전적 변이와 생장력과의 관계를 추적하기 위하여 계대배양 횟수 및 종에 따른 생장력을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 균사생장력은 대체적으로 3회와 4회째 계대배양 때의 생장속도가 가장 빨랐으며, 5회째 이상부터는 감소하였다. 느타리버섯 이핵체는 가장 빠른 생장속도를 보였으며, 느타리버섯 단핵체와 큰느타리버섯 이핵체, 단핵체는 거의 비슷한 속도로 생장하였다. 또한, 느타리버섯의 이핵체와 큰느타리버섯 이핵체 간의 생장속도는 동일한 조건에서 약4배의 차이기 났다. 유사성 조사에서는 느타리버섯 이핵체는 57.5%, 단핵체 85.7%, 큰느타리버섯 이핵체는 71.8%, 단핵체 72.2% 이상의 유사성을 나타내었다. 균주의 변이는 생장속도와 균주의 type과 관계가 있는 것으로 생각된다. 생장속도가 빠른 균주가 느린 균주보다 변이가 많이 나타난다는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이핵균주보다는 단핵균주가 유전적으로 안전한 것으로 판단된다. 그러나, phylogenetic tree에서는 종, 균주 type, 균주 생장속도 및 계대배양 횟수와는 무관하게 branch가 분기되고, grouping 되었다. 결론적으로, 균사체의 많은 계대배양은 생장속도를 저하시키고, 유전적 변이를 야기시키는 요인으로 작용하며, 동일한 조건의 배양에서 이핵균주로 배양 보존하는 것보다는 단핵균주로 배양 보존하는 것이 종균제조와 육종에 유리한 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. 김영호, 김경수, 공원식, 유창현. 1995. 버섯 우량 형질 퇴화 방지에 관한 연구. 시험연구보고서. 농촌진흥청 농업과학 기술원. Pp. 677-683.
  2. 류영현. 1996. 느타리 버섯 특성유지에 관한 시험. 농촌진흥시험연구사업연보, 농촌진흥청, pp. 743-745.
  3. 이윤혜, 손서규, 박우길. 1996a. 느타리버섯 재배체계 개선 및 종균 활력 검정. 농촌진흥시험 연구사업연보, 농촌진흥청.
  4. 이윤혜, 지정현, 복진덕. 1996b. 종균의 활력유지에 관한 연구. 농촌진흥시험연구사업연보. 농촌진흥청.
  5. Boesewinkel, H. J. 1976. Storage of fungal cultures in water. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 66: 183-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(76)80119-2
  6. Chandrashekar, T. R., Bano, Z. and Rajaralhnam, S. 1981. Incompatibilily and growth in Pleurotus flabellatus. Trans. Brmycol. Soc. 77: 491-495. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(81)80096-4
  7. Chiu, S. W., Kwan, H. S. and Cheng, S. C. 1993. Application of arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction in molecular studies of mushroom species with emphasis on Lentinula edodes. In: Shiu Ting Chang, John A. Ruswell, and Philip G. Miles. Eds. Genetics and breeding of edible mushroom. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers. U.S.A.
  8. Choi, I. Y., Choi J. S., Yu, Y. J. and Lee, W. H. 2001. Analysis of genetic relationship of entomogenous fungi in Korea by morphological characteristics and RAPD. Korean J. Mycology 29: 34-40.
  9. Ellis, J. J. 1979. Preserving fungus strains in sterile waters. Mycology 7: 1072-1075. https://doi.org/10.2307/3759297
  10. Graham, G. C., Mayer, S. P. and Henry, R. T. 1994. Amplified method for the prepa ration of fungal genomic DNA for PCR and RAPD analysis. Biotechniques 16: 175-269.
  11. Hwang, S. W. 1968. Investigation of ultra-low temperature for fungal cultures. I. An evaluation of liquid-nitrogen storage for preservation of selected fungal cultures. Mycologia 60: 613-621. https://doi.org/10.2307/3757428
  12. Jong, S. C. 1978. Conservation of the cultures. Pp 119-135. In: Chang, S. T. and Hayes, W. A. Eds. The biology and cultivation of edible mushroom. Academic Press. New York.
  13. Khush, R. S., Becker, E. and Wach, M. 1992. DNA amplification polymorphisms of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Appl. Environ. Microbilo. 58: 2971-2977.
  14. Kim, H. N. and Kang, K. H. 1998. Molecular identification of the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus cultivars using DNA fingerprinting. J. Natural Science Research Institute 11: 102-106.
  15. Kobayashi, T. 1984. Maintaining cultures of Basidiomycetes by mineral oil method. I. Bulletin of Forestry and Forestry Products Research Institute 325: l41-147.
  16. Kong, W. S., Kim, D. H., Kim, Y. H., Kim, K. S., You, C. H., Byun, M. O. and Kim, K. H. 1997. Genetic variability of Flamunulina velutipes monosporous isolates. Korean J. Mycology 25: 111-120.
  17. Lambert, E. B. 1959. Improving spawn cultures of cultivated mushroom. mushroom Science 4: 33-51.
  18. Lee, D. H., Kim, C. J. and Shin, K. S. 1998. Preservation of mushroom cultures in sterile distilled waler. Korean J. Mycology 26: 91-96.
  19. Lee, P. J. and Kinugawa, K. 1981. A breeding method for Flammulina vetutipes. I. Selection of monokaryotie strains by the use of testers. Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 22: 89-102.
  20. Lee, Y. H., Chi, J. H. Kim, Y. H. and Yu, S. H. 1999. Comparison in productivity of Pleurotus ostreatus sawdust spawn under different storage conditions. Korean J. Mycology 27: 319-321.
  21. Li, Z. Q. and Chen, Y. Y. 1981. An evaluation of mineral oil seal preservation of Basidiomycetes cultures. Acta Microbiogica Sinica 21: 45-52.
  22. Lynch. M. 1990. The similarity index and DNA fingerprinting. Mol. Biol. Evol. 7: 478-484.
  23. McGinnis, M. R., Padhye, A. A. and Ajello, L. 1974. Storage of stock cultures of filamentous fungi, yeasts, and some aerobic Actinomycetes in sterile distilled water. Appl. Microbial. 28: 218-222.
  24. Peberdy, J. F., Hanifah, A. M. and Jia, J. H. 1993. New perspectives on the genetics of Pleurotus. In: S. T. Chang, J. A. Buswell and S. W. Chiu. Eds. Mushroom biology and mushroom products. Pp. 55-62. The Chinese University Press.
  25. Peng, J. T. and Wu, L. C. 1972. Variations in the cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus. Mushroom Science 8: 103-113.
  26. Saitor, N. and Nei, M. 1987. The neighbor joining method: A new method for reconstr ucting phylogenetic trees. Mol. BioI. Evol. 4: 406-425.
  27. Smith, D. and Onions, A. H. S. 1983. A comparison of some preserving techniques for fungi. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 80: 333-337. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(83)80018-7
  28. Song, S., Zeng, W., Wang, Z. and Su, W. 2000. RAPD analysis of species diversity and gemonic differences in Agaricus bisporus. Mushroom Science 15: 191-200.
  29. Sunagawa, M., Neda, H. and Miyazaki, K. 1995. Identification of Lentinula edodes by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Mushroom Science 14: 141-145.
  30. Takemaru, T. 1957. Genetics of Collybia Velutipes. III. Growth rates of certains. Biol. J. Okayama Univ. 3: 182-186.
  31. Thompson, J. D., Higgins, D. G. and Gibson, T. J. 1994. Multiple alignment program. Eurlopeam Molecular Biology Laboratory. Meyerhofstrasse 1 D69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
  32. Williams, J. G. K., Kubeik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A. and Tingey, S. V. 1990. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucl. Acid Res. 8: 6531-6535. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.22.6531
  33. Yusof, N. and Grabam, K. M. 1977. A preliminary genetic study of a local edible mushroom Pleurotus flabellatus. Mol. Appl. Biol. 6: 59-66.
  34. Zadrazil, F. 1978. Clutivation of Pleurotus. Mushroom Science 5: 524-530.
  35. Zbang, Y. and Molma, F. l. 1995. Strain typing of Lentinula edoeds by random amplified polymorphic DNA assay. FEMS Microbial Lett. 131: 17-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07747.x

Cited by

  1. Mycelial viability and cultivation characteristics of Hypsizygus marmoreus after long-term storage in different conditions vol.12, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.14480/JM.2014.12.1.29