Effects of Catalyst on the Pyrolysis of Polystyrene Wastes in a Fluidized Bed Catalytic Reactor

유동층 촉매 반응기에서 촉매가 폐 Polystyrene의 열분해에 미치는 영향

Lee, Chan-Gi;Kim, Jun-Sik;Song, Pyung-Seob;Cho, Yong-Jun;Kang, Yong;Choi, Myoung-Jae
이찬기;김준식;송평섭;조용준;강용;최명재

  • Published : 2002.08.31

Abstract

Catalytic pyrolysis of polystyrene wastes was investigated in a fluidized-bed catalytic reactor. The feed materials were GPPS(general purpose polystyrene) and EPSW(expanded polystyrene waste). Nitrogen and silica sand were used as a fluidized gas and a bed material, respectively. Powder of $Fe_{2}O_{3}$, BaO or HZSM-5(Si/Al=30) was used as a catalyst. Effects of pyrolysis temperature($400-550^{\circ}C$), gas velocity(0.3-0.6 m/s) and amount of catalyst($Fe_{2}O_{3}$) on the yields of oil and styrene monomer were determined, comparing with those in non-catalytic pyrolysis. It was found that the yields of oil as well as styrene monomer in the catalytic pyrolysis reactor were higher than those in the reactor without catalyst. The activity of $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ was higher than that of BaO or HZSM-5, while the BaO was more active than HZSM-5, thus, $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ was the best one within this experimental conditions. The optimum amount of $Fe_{2}O_{3}$ was 5 wt% at $450^{\circ}C$ when the gas velocity was 0.5 m/s.

유동층 촉매 반응기에서 일반용 폴리스티렌(GPPS)과 폐 발포 폴리스티렌(EPSW)을 원료로 하여 단순 열분해 및 촉매를 첨가하여 열분해를 수행하였다. 질소와 모래를 각각 유동화 가스와 층물질로 이용하였고, 촉매로는 $Fe_{2}O_{3}$, BaO, HZSM-5(Si/Al=30)을 사용하였다. 열분해 온도($400-550^{\circ}C$)와 가스 유속(0.3-0.6 m/s) 및 촉매 첨가량을 변화시켜 가면서 단순 열분해의 경우와 촉매를 첨가했을 경우의 열분해 결과 생성되는 생성오일과 스티렌 단량체의 수율에 대한 영향을 고찰하였다. 액상 생성물인 오일의 수율은 촉매를 이용한 경우가 단순 열분해의 경우보다 높게 나타났으며, 촉매의 활성은 $Fe_{2}O_{3}>$>BaO>HZSM-5(Si/Al=30)>무촉매 순이였고, 스티렌 단량체의 수율은 $Fe_{2}O_{3}$와 BaO를 첨가한 경우가 높게 나타났으며 제올라이트 산촉매인 HZSM-5(Si/Al=30)에서는 무촉매의 조건과 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구의 범위에서 $Fe_{2}O_{3}$가 폐폴리스티렌의 열분해에 가장 적합한 촉매로 나타났으며, 그 첨가량은 온도가 $450^{\circ}C$이고 공기유속이 0.5 m/s인 경우 5 wt%가 가장 적정량으로 사료되었다.

Keywords

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