Membrane Journal (멤브레인)

The Membrane Society of Korea (한국막학회)
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Concentration Polarization Phenomena in Ion-Exchange Membranes

이온교환막에서의 농도분극 현상

  • Published : 2002.09.01
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Abstract

Electrodialysis(ED) is a reliable and effective process for the separation and concentration of ionic compounds. However, commercial uses of ED are often hindered by the cost of the stack that mainly resulted from the ion-exchange membrane cost. In order to minimize the membrane cost, it is desired to operate ED at the highest practicable current density. In an actual ED system the high current operation is limited by the concentration polarization phenomenon. This article illustrates the transport phenomena of ions through ion exchange membranes using current-voltage relations as a characterizing method. Also recent studies on electroconvection and water-spitting phenomena caused by concentration polarization were reviewed.

전기투석은 이온성 물질을 분리하고 농축하는데 안정하고 효과적인 공정으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 전기투석 공정은 고가의 이온교환막 때문에 실제 공정에 적용하는데 많은 제한을 받아오고 있다. 따라서 전기 투석공정의 운전 전류밀도를 가능한 높게 공급함으로써 이온교환막의 단면적당 flux를 증가시켜 주어야 한다. 그러나 실제 공정의 운전에 있어서 운전 전류밀도는 이온교환막 표면에서의 농도분극 현상으로 제한을 받게 된다. 본 총설에서는 이온교환막을 통한 이온의 이동현상을 설명하고 전류-전압 곡선을 이용한 막특성 분석을 소개하였다. 또한 한계전류밀도 전후의 전류 영역에서 농도분극 현상과 동반하는 전기대류(Electroconvection), 물 분해 현상 등에 대한 최근 연구결과를 정리하였다.

Keywords

References

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