Gender Differences in Work-Family Spillover

남성과 여성의 일.가족 전이와 관련요인

  • 김진희 (서울대학교 생활과학대학교 아동가족학과) ;
  • 한경혜 (서울대학교 생활과학대학교 아동가족학과)
  • Published : 2002.11.01

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the gender differences in the level of work/family spillover and factors explaining the spillover. Data are gathered from 1,236 Korean men and women aged between 30 to 59, using the structured questionnaire. The main results of this study are as follows. First, both men and women perceive moderate levels of negative and positive spillover from work to family. Second, the levels of negative family to work spillover are higher than then of positive family to work spillover. Third, men report higher levels of positive family to work spillover, but lower levels of negative family to work spillover than women. Sander differences in the levels of negative and positive spillover from work to family are not found. Fourth, only job characteristic factors are associated with four types of spillover of women, while the level of household labor sharing and spousal support are associated with work family spillover of men. Band on these findings, theoretical implications in terms of work-family research and gender norms are discussed.

Keywords

References

  1. 김경신, 김오남(1998). 편모의 스트레스와 심리적 복지. 대한가정학회지, 36(2), 19-
  2. 박성옥, 김정훈(1995). 취업모의 가정생활과 일의 균형을 위한 방안 모색. 대한가정학회지, 33(5), 13-26
  3. 서정아, 한경혜(1998). 가족 및 직업 특성이 중. 장년기 남성의 심리적 복지감에 미치는 영향. 한국가정관리학회, 16(2), 165-177
  4. 손유기, 이정우(1999). 남편의 가정 내 역할인지와 역할 수행에 관한 연구. 한국가정관리학회지, 17(4), 1-14
  5. 이숙현(1995). 남성의 취업과 가족 상호작용: 대기업 사원을 중심으로. 한국사회학, 29(1), 271-289
  6. 이숙현(1998). 남성과 여성의 일/가족 갈등. 연세여성연구, 3, 173-194
  7. 이은희(2000). 일-가족 갈등의 통합적인 모형: 유입, 교차, 조절효과의 공변량 구조분석. 전남대학교 박사학위논문
  8. 이인정(1997). 가족 및 직장에서의 지지적 관계가 직장인들의 건강에 미치는 영향. 가족학논집, 9, 107-127
  9. 이현아(1994). 남편의 생활시간구조와 가정생활 문제에 관한 부부의 지각-장시간노동의 영향을 중심으로. 서울대학교 대학원 석사학위논문
  10. 이형실(2001). 기혼 취업 여성과 남성의 가족 및 직업 스트레스와 심리적 복지. 한국가정관리학회지, 19(2), 143-152
  11. 정순희(2001). 취업주부의 역할갈등과 취업중단의사 관련변수에 대한 연구. 대한가정학회지, 39(3), 35-45
  12. 최희경(1995). 직장생활과 가정생활의 관계: 직장-가정 갈등과 개인차변인, 가정변인, 직장변인의 관계. 서울대 대학원 석사학위논문
  13. 한경혜(1998). 중년기 남성의 역할 중요도와 일/가족 갈등. 가족과 문화, 10(2), 93-113
  14. 한경혜, 송지은(2001). 중년남성의 건강에 가족 및 직업특성이 미치는 영향. 가족과 문화, 13(1), 51-73
  15. 한경혜, 이정화, Ryff, C., Marks, N. F.(2001). 성공적인 중년기 발달요인 탐색: 정신건강 및 일/가족 라이프코스의 한. 미간 비교연구. 학술진흥재단 협동연구 결과 보고서
  16. 홍선희(1997). 관여, 기대 및 지지가 직장-가정 갈등에 미치는 영향: 맞벌이 부부를 중심으로. 중앙대 대학원 석사학위논문
  17. Barnett, R. C. (1994). Home-to-Work Spillover Revisited: A Study of Full-Time Employed Women in Dual-Earner Couples. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 56, 647-656 https://doi.org/10.2307/352875
  18. Barnett, R. C. (1999). A New Work-Life Model for the Twenty-First Century. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 562, 143-158 https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716299562001010
  19. Bird, C. E. (1999). Gender, Household labor, and psychological distress: The impact of the amount and division of housework. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 40, 32-45 https://doi.org/10.2307/2676377
  20. Eagle, B. W., Miles, E. Q. & Icenogle. M. L. (1997). Interrole conflicts and the permeability of work and family domains: Are there Gender Differences? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50, 168-184 https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1996.1569
  21. Edwards, J. R. & Rothbard, N. P. (2000). Mechanisms linking work and family: Clarifying the relationship between work and family constructs. Academy of Management Review, 25(1), 178-199 https://doi.org/10.2307/259269
  22. Edwards, M. E. (2001). Uncertainty and the rise of the work-family dilemma. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 63, 183-196 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2001.00183.x
  23. Frone, M. R., Russell, M. & Cooper, M. L. (1992a). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: Testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77(3), 65-78 https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.77.1.65
  24. Frone, M. R., Russell, M. & Cooper, M. L. (1992b). Prevalence of work-family conflict: Are work and family boundaries asymmetrically permeable? Journal of organizational behavior, 13, 732-729
  25. Frone, M. R., Russell, M. & Cooper, M. L. (1994). Relationship between job and family satisfaction: Causal or noncausal covariation? Journal of Management, 20, 565-579 https://doi.org/10.1016/0149-2063(94)90003-5
  26. Glezer, H. & Wolcott, L. (1999). Work and family life; Reciprocal effects. Family matters, 53, 69-74
  27. Grzywacz, J. G. & Marks, N. F. (2000). Reconeptualizing the Work-Family Interface: An ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and Family. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 1079-1098 https://doi.org/10.2307/353320
  28. Gutek, B. A., Searle S. & Klepa, L. (1991). Rational versus fender role explanations for work-family conflict. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76(4), 560-568 https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.76.4.560
  29. Higgins, C., Duxbury, L. & Lee, C. (1994). Impact of Life-Cyde Stage and Gender on the Ability to Balance Work and Family Responsibilities. Family Relations, 43, 144-150 https://doi.org/10.2307/585316
  30. Lambert, S. J. (1990). Processes linking work and family: A critical review and research agenda. Human Relations, 43, 239-257 https://doi.org/10.1177/001872679004300303
  31. MacDermid & Williams(1997)
  32. Marks, S. R. & Macdermid, S. M. (1996). Multiple roles and the self: A theory of role balance. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58, 417-432 https://doi.org/10.2307/353506
  33. Perry-Jenkins, M., Repetti, R. L. & Crouter, A. C. (2000). Work and family in the 1990s. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 981-998 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.00981.x
  34. Pleck, J. H. (1977). The work-family role system. Social Problems, 24, 412-427
  35. Staines, G. (1980). Spillover versus compensation: A review of the literature on the relationship between work and nonwork. Human Relations, 33, 111. 129 https://doi.org/10.1177/001872678003300203
  36. Voydanoff, P. & Kelly, R. F. (1984). Determinants of work-related family problems among employed parents. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 46, 881-892 https://doi.org/10.2307/352536
  37. Voydanoff, P.(1988). Work role characteristics, Family structure demands, and Work/Family Conflict. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50, 749-761 https://doi.org/10.2307/352644
  38. White, J. M. (1999). Work-family stage and satisfaction with work-family balance. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 30(2), 163-172
  39. Williams, K. J. & Alliger, G. M. (1994). Role Stressors, Mood Spillover, and perceptions of work-family conflict in employed parents. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 837-868 https://doi.org/10.2307/256602