The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science (농약과학회지)

The Korean Society of Pesticide Science (한국농약과학회)
권호 표지

Leaching potential of butachlor, ethoprophos, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane and procymidone in soils as affected by adsorption characteristics

Butachlor, ethoprophos, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane 및 procymidone의 토양흡착성에 따른 용탈 잠재성 평가

  • Kim, Chan-Sub (National Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Byung-Moo (National Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology) ;
  • Ihm, Yang-Bin (National Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology) ;
  • Choi, Ju-Hyeon (National Institute of Agriculture Science and Technology)
  • 김찬섭 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부 농약안전성과) ;
  • 이병무 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부 농약안전성과) ;
  • 임양빈 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부 농약안전성과) ;
  • 최주현 (농업과학기술원 작물보호부 농약안전성과)
  • Published : 2002.12.27
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Abstract

Soil adsorption study was carried out to define the mobility of pesticides or to evaluate leaching potential in soils. Five pesticides including ethoprophos, procymidone, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, and butachlor were subjected to optimized adsorption experiment protocol for three types of cultivation soils. Freundlich adsorption coefficients (K) were ranged $0.35{\sim}0.95$ for ethoprophos, $0.98{\sim}2.2$ for iprobenfos, $1.2{\sim}4.3$ for procymidone, $1.5{\sim}3.5$ for isoprothiolane and $7.9{\sim}19$ for butachlor in three soils. Based on Koc values, ethoprophos was classified as mobile, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane and procymidone as moderately mobile and butachlor as slightly mobile. Two evaluation methods, Groundwater Ubiquity Score (GUS) index and standard indices of soil-chemical adsorption and biodegradation, were used for the estimation of pesticide leaching potential. Leachability of isoprothiolane and iprobenfos were evaluated as moderate, ethoprophos as a little potential, while butachlor and procymidone showed very low leaching potential. The leaching potential of pesticides was essentially determined on the basis of intrinsic properties of the pesticides and environmental properties. Among the soil properties, organic matter gave a great influence on the leachability of soils. Therefore, leachabilities of pesticides were expected less in loam with relatively higher organic matter than clay loam with lower organic matter.

주요 농약 5종의 토양에 대한 흡착계수를 구하여 이동성을 구분하고, 흡착계수와 토양 반감기를 이용하여 토양 중에서의 농약의 용탈 잠재성을 평가하고자 하였다. 국내에서 사용하고 있는 비이온성 농약인 토양살충제 ethoprophos, 원예용 살균제 procymidone, 도열병약 iprobenfos와 isoprothiolane 및 수도용 제초제 butachlor를 대상농약으로 선정하였고 토지이용 형태에 따라 논, 밭 및 산림토양으로 구분, 3종의 토양을 대상으로 흡착실험을 수행하였다. 각 토양에 대한 Freundlich 흡착계수(K)는 ethoprophos $0.35{\sim}0.95$, iprobenfos $0.98{\sim}2.2$, procymidone $1.2{\sim}4.3$, isoprothiolane $1.5{\sim}3.5$, butachlor $7.9{\sim}19$ 범위이었고, Koc에 의한 이동성 분류체계에 의하면 ethoprophos는 mobile, iprobenfos, isoprothiolane 및 procymidone은 moderately mobile, 그리고 butachlor는 slightly mobile 등급에 속하였다. 또한 유기물에 대한 흡착계수(Koc)와 토양 중에서의 반감기를 기준으로 지수화한 Groundwater Ubiquity Score (GUS) index 방법과 Koc와 분해상수 및 토양환경조건의 영향을 고려하는 흡착/분해 표준지수 방법을 이용하여 용탈잠재성을 평가하였다. 두 평가방법에 의하여 isoprothiolane과 iprobenfos은 중간 정도의 용탈 가능성이 있고 ethoprophos가 약간의 용탈 가능성이 있는 것으로 나타났으며 butachlor와 procymidone은 용탈 가능성이 매우 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 상대적으로 유기물 함량이 높은 양토에서는 유기물 함량이 낮은 식양초에 비하여 농약의 용탈잠재성이 낮은 것으로 나타나 노약의 흡착에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 토양 유기물이 용탈 잠재성을 결정짓는 중요한 요인으로 작용하였다.

Keywords

References

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