Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
권호 표지

Spatial Distributions of Particulate PCBs Concentrations and Their Dry Deposition Fluxes in Korea

입자상 PCBs의 건식 침적량과 입경 농도의 공간 분포 특성 연구

Shin, Hye-Jung;Park, Seong-Suk;Yi, Seung-Muk;Kim, Yong-Pyo
신혜정;박성숙;이승묵;김용표

  • Published : 20021000
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Abstract

The size distribution of particulate PolyChlorinated Biphenyls(PCBs) was measured along with their dry deposition fluxes at seven sites in Korea during the summer of 1999. Samples were taken at Dukjuk Island, Inchon, Seoul, Yangpyung, Yangsuri, Hwachon, and Chungju during the period of August 10-14. 1999. Greased strips were used to measure the dry deposition fluxes at all sites. A combination of cascade impactor and Coarse Particle Rotary Impactor(CPRI) sampler was employed at four sites and used to determine the ambient size distributions of PCBs. A GC/ECD system was used to determine the concentration of PCBs. Measured fluxes of PCBs werecompared with the estimated fluxes using the Sehmel-Hodgson model. Ambient concentrations of particulate PCBs were in the range of 0.05 to 0.74 ng/$m^3$. Generally, the size distribution of particulate PCBs shows bi-modal patterns. The quantity of PCBs in the coarse particle fraction was less than 3% of the total PCBs concentrations due probably to the preferential absorption of PCBs in organic- rich fine fraction of particles. Dry deposition fluxes of PCBs were measured in the range of 18.1 to 168 ng/$m^2$/day. Fluxes of penta- and hexa-C.B. accounted for the dominant fraction of the total PCBs fluxes. We found that tetra- and hexa-C.B. congeners are major homologue species in the fine and coarse fraction of particle, respectively. If PCBs flux estimated using the Sehmel-Hodgson model is compared with the measured flux, the former agree well with the latter except for the case of Seoul. On the basis of our studies, we conclude that both ambient PCBs concentrations and dry deposition fluxes does not show any site-specific trend. And Seoul and Inchon are not the major source of PCBs emissions in Korea.

입자상 PCBs의 건식 침적량과 크기분포 특성을 파악하기 위하여 1999년 여름기간인 8월 10-14일까지 우리 나라 중부 7개 지점(덕적도, 인천, 서울, 양평, 양수리, 화천, 충주)에서 관측이 진행되었다. 7개 전 지점에서 건식 침적판을 이용하여 건식 침적량을 측정하였고, 이 중 4개 지점에서는 cascade impactor와 CPRI를 이용하여 입자상 PCBs의 크기분포를 측정하였다. PCBs 농도 분석을 위해서는 GC/ECD를 사용하였다. 측정한 PCBs의 건식 침적량은 Sehmel-Hodgson 모델을 이용하여 추정한 건식 침적량과 비교하였다. 측정한 입자상 PCBs의 농도는 0.05-0.74 ng/$m^3$의 분포를 보였다. 일반적으로 입자상 PCBs의 입경 분포는 두 개의 모드를 가지는 two modal 분포를 보였다. PCBs가 미세 입자의 풍부한 유기탄소 부분으로 흡착 또는 흡수하는 특성을 가지므로 전체 PCBs 농도의 97% 이상이 미세 입자 영역에서 나타났다. 측정한 PCBs의 건식 침적량은 18.1-168 ng/$m^2$/day으로 나타났다. 염소가 5개 혹은 6개 치환된 PCBs의 건식 침적량이 가장 우세하게 나타났다. 염소가 4개 치환된 PCBs는 미세 입자 영역에서. 5개 치환된 PCBs는 조대 입자 영역에서 가장 높은 농도를 보이는 이성질체이다. Sehmel-Hodson 모델을 이용하여 추정한 PCBs의 건식 침적량은 서울을 제외한 나머지 측정지점에서는 측정한 건식 침적량과 잘 일치하는 결과를 보인다. 연구 결과 PCBs의 농도와 건식 침적량은 특정한 지역적 특성을 보이지 않으며, 우리 나라의 대표적인 도심 지역인 서울과 인천은 PCBs의 주된 배출원이 아님을 알 수 있다.

Keywords

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