Characterization of the Germinated Rices to Examine an Application Potentials as Functional Rice Processed Foods

기능성 쌀가공식품 원료료의 활용가능성 검토를 위한 발아미의 특성조사

  • Kang, Mi-Young (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Yeon-Ri (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Nam, Seok-Hyun (Department of Natural Science, Ajou University)
  • Published : 2003.08.01

Abstract

Rice seeds of 4 cultivars including Whachung and Nampung, of the non-waxy rice cultivars, and Shinsunchalbyeo and Whachungchabyeo, of the waxy rice cultivars, were germinated at $27^{\circ}C$ for 3 days to compare the changes in some physico-chemical properties of the starch granules and the starch-hydrolysing enzyme activities during germination, respectively. With the starch granules, the amount of long glucose chains from amylose molecules were reduced in the non-waxy rices, while the chain length increased in the waxy rices. In the distribution profile of the glucose chain length from amylose molecules, we could observed that the chain length with DP (degree of polymerization) ranged 33 to 66 increased with the decreasing rate of the chain length with that above 130, regardless of the waxiness of rices. In addition, we observed that in contrast to a increase in chain length with DP ranged 14 to 33, the amount of short chains from A chain fraction decreased. Germination induced slight reduction in the polymerization rate of starch granules, and decrease in both initiation and termination temperatures for the gelatinization. ${\alpha}-Amylase$ activity of rices germinated for 3 days found to he higher than that of malt. Especially, the activity of Shinsunchalbyeo was revealed to be highest, about two fold higher than that of malt. In contrast, ${\beta}-amylase$ of the waxy rice found to be considerably less active than malt, although the waxy showed prevalent activity as compared to the non-waxy rices.

메벼품종인 화청벼와 남풍벼, 그리고 찰벼품종인 신선찰벼와 화청찰벼 등 4품종의 볍씨를 각각 $27^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발아시켜, 발아에 따른 전분입자의 이화학적 특성 변화 및 전분가수분해 효소의 활성을 각각 비교하였다. 전분분자 중 아밀로오스 분자 유래의 긴 포도당 사슬의 양이 발아와 더불어 메벼품종에서는 줄어들고 있었으며, 찰벼 품종에서는 증가하고 있었다. 아밀로펙틴 분자 유래의 포도당 사슬길이 분포는 찰벼와 메벼 품종에 관계없이 발아와 더불어 중합도 130이상인 사슬의 길이가 현저하게 감소하여 감소된 만큼 중합도 $33{\sim}66$정도의 사슬의 길이가 증가하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 그리고 A chain 분획 유래의 짧은 사슬의 양은 감소하고 있었으며, 이에 비해서 중합도 $14{\sim}33$ 정도의 사슬길이가 증가하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 전분입자의 결정화도는 발아와 더불어 약간 낮아지고 있었으며, 호화개시온도 및 호화종료는 또한 약간 감소하고 있었다. 3일간 발아시킨 벼의 ${\alpha}-amylase$의 활성은 맥아에 비해서 활성이 높게 나타났으며, 특히 신선찰벼의 활성이 상당히 높아, 맥아보다 약 2배 정도의 활성을 나타내고 있었다. 이에 비해서 ${\beta}-amylase$의 경우는 메벼보다는 찰벼 품종들의 활성이 높기는 하지만 비교군인 맥아에 비해서 상당히 낮은 활성을 나타내고 있었다.

Keywords

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