Clinical Significance of Albumin Slope in the Hemodialysis Patients

유지 혈액투석 환자에서 월별 혈청 알부민 농도 변화추세의 임상적 의의

Choi, Kyu-Bok;Lee, Young-Sook
최규복;이영숙

  • Published : 2003.11.30

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hypoalbuminemia is the well- known marker of morbidity and mortality in the dialysis population. An albumin concentration at a single time point may not be of help in predicting the outcome of an individual patient. The direction of change over time may offer better prediction. The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical significance of the trends in serum albumin concentration over time. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 61 patients. Additionally 24 patients were excluded in this study with an admission history during last one year and clinically apparent acute/chronic infection. The albumin slope (AS: g/dL/mon) was obtained from monthly measured serum albumin levels from September 2001 to August 2002 by method of least squares. RESULTS: AS was negatively correlated with hs- CRP (r=-0.530, p=0.000) and positively correlated with $TCO_2$ (r=0.272, p=0.034), but not correlated with age, dialysis duration, wKt/V, nPCR and Hb. When the studied population was divided according to the albumin slope to group I (n=45, AS ${\geq}$ 0.01, $\left|AS \right|$ $<$0.01) and group D (n=16, AS ${\leq}$-0.01), dialysis duration was longer and iPTH was higher in the group I than in group D (52.3${\pm}$40.3 vs 32.8${\pm}$18.9, p$<$0.05; 98.1${\pm}$110.9 vs 46.4${\pm}$30.7, p$<$0.01, respectively). AS was higher in group I than in group D (0.015${\pm}$0.012 vs -0.026${\pm}$0.023, p$<$0.001); hs-CRP tended to be higher in group D but did not reach statistical significance (1.78${\pm}$2.81 vs 0.44${\pm}$1.08; p=0.08). When it comes to Ca, P, Mg and $TCO_2$, there was no difference between the groups. Compared to initial 3 months, last 3 months showed a significant increase of serum creatinine (10.3${\pm}$3.0 vs 10.9${\pm}$2.8, p$<$0.01) and a significant decrease of serum $TCO_2$ (23.7${\pm}$3.2 vs 20.8${\pm}$2.2, p$<$0.001) in group I with no change in group D. CONCLUSION: Slope of albumin over time, even if its degree is clinically negligible, can offer valuable information about the patient's status that is not apparent.

배경: 저알부민혈증은 투석 환자에서 이병률과 사망률의 중요한 위험인자이다. 그러나 한 시점에서의 혈청 알부민 농도보다는 시간 경과에 따른 혈청 알부민 농도 변화의 추세가 더욱 유용하다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구에서는 안정적으로 유지 혈액투석을 받고 있는 환자에서 월별 혈청 알부민 농도 변화추세의 임상적 의의를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 최근 1년간 입원 병력이 없고 임상적으로 뚜렷한 급/만성 감염 또는 악성종양이 없었던 유지 혈액투석 환자 61명을 대상으로 하였다. 월별 혈청 알부민 농도 변화추세(albumin slope; g/dL/mo)는 2001년 9윌부터 2002년 8월까지의 자료를 이용하여 최소자승법으로 희귀직선을 추정하여 구하였다. 혈청 알부민 농도가 변화 없거나 증가하는 경우를 I군 (45명),감소하는 경우를 D군 (16명)으로 구분하였다. 결과: Albumin slope는 혈청hs-CRP와 유의한 역상관을 보였으며 (r=-0.530, p=0.000) 혈청 $TCO_2$와는 정상관을 보였다 (r=0.272,p=0.034). 반면에 연령,투석기간,wKt/V, nPCR, 그리고 Hb과는 상관성이 없었다. Albumin slope은 I군에서 0.015${\pm}$0.012였고 D군에서는 -0.026${\pm}$0.023으로 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p$<$0.001). 투석기간(mo)은 I군이 52.3${\pm}$40.3으로 D군의 32.8${\pm}$18.9보다 유의하게 길었다(p$<$0.05). hs-CRP (mg/dL)는 I군이 0.44${\pm}$1.08로 D군의 1.78${\pm}$2.81보다 낮은 듯 보였지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았고 (p=0.08), 두 군간에 연령,성비,당뇨비,wKt/V, nPCR, 그리고 Hb은 차이가 없었다. iPTH (pg/mL)는 I군에서98.1${\pm}$110.9로 D군의 46.4${\pm}$30.7보다 유의하게 높았으나 (p$<$0.01), 혈청, Ca, P, Mg 및 $TCO_2$는 양 군사이에 차이가 없었다. 초반 3개월과 후반 3개월 동안의 변화를 비교하면,I군에서는 혈청 Cr(mg/dL)이 1O.3${\pm}$3.00에서 1O.9${\pm}$2.77로 유의하게 증가하였고 (p$<$0.01) 혈청 $TCO_2$ (mEq/L)는 23.7${\pm}$3.23에서 20.8${\pm}$2.16으로 유의한 감소를 보였으나 (p$<$0.001), D군에서는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 결론: 월별 혈청 알부민 농도의 변화추세는,그 정도가 임상적으로 무시할 정도라 할지라도,환자의 잠복된 병적 상태를 평가할 수 있는 지표로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

References

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