Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy (식물분류학회지)

The Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists (한국식물분류학회)
권호 표지

Pollination of Symplocarpus renifolius Schott ex Miquel (Araceae) in Korea

한국산 앉은부채 (Symplocarpus renifolius Schott ex Miquel, 천남성과)의 수분기작

Hong, Seok Pyo;Son, Jae Cheon
홍석표;손재천

  • Published : 20030000
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Abstract

The pollination system of Symplocarpus renifolius Schott ex Miquel was investigated in the natural population of Korea. The various arthropods of 15 species, 10 families, 5 orders, 2 classes (mainly Diptera) visited on the flowers of S. renifolius, and captured during the visitation. The dipterous insects were considered as the most effective pollen vector but there were no legitimate pollinators which have associated specially with S. renifolius. All visitors having feeding activity on the flower fed on pollens of S. renifolius. The visitation frequency had a peak at 3-4 PM and no visitor was recognized in night time. The flowers of S. renifolius last over a week and they are protogynous. It is also confirmed that the flower of S. renifolius is self-incompatible and cross-pollination by vectors is critical for successful seed setting. In the estimation of thermometric changes in air (Ta) and spathe (Ts), the changing range of Ts was less than that of Ta by 3.6℃, which suggest that spathe provide more stable thermal environment to arthropods. In the observation of the floral structures, the possibility to lower autogamy were recognized in the shapes of anther, perianth and spadix of S. renifolius. The trapping effect of wandering arthropods was suggested as another role of spathe. The floral parts in most investigated individuals of S. renifolius were damaged by Jay (Garruius glandarinus). The conservation strategies (in situ) based on the reproductive vulnerabilities of S. renifolius, which were induced from random visitation of arthropods and destruction of floral parts by wild animals were briefly proposed.

국내에 서식하는 앉은부채(Symplocarpus renifolius Schott ex Miquel)의 수분기작에 대한 야외조사를 실시하였다. 이 연구에서 총 2綱 5目 10枓 15種의 절지동물류(특히, 파리목곤충류)가 앉은부채를 방문하였다. 교차수분 시키는 효율적인 매개잔느 파리목의 곤충류였으나, 종 상관 관계에 입각한 궁극적 수분매개자는 확인하지 못했다. 꽃에서 섭식행동을 하는 방문 동물류는 모두 앉은부채의 화분을 먹이로 하였다. 방문빈도는 오후 3시에서 4시사이에 가장 높았으며, 야간의 방문은 없었다. 꽃은 1주일 이상 개화하며, 자예선속(protogynous)으로 확인하였다. 실험을 통하여 수분 매개자의 방문을 차단하면 결실하지 못하는 자가불화합성임이 확인되었다. 화서의 발열 반응 후의 불옆포 내의 온도 변화를 측정한 결과, 불옆포 내의 온도는 외부 온도에 따라 변하였으나, 그 변동폭은 외부보다 3.6℃적어 보다 일정한 온도조건을 제공하였다. 미세구조의 관찰을 통해, 수술의 모양과 화피편, 화서의 모양에서 자가수분을 낮추는 역할의 가능성을 관찰하였다. 또한, 배회성 곤충류의 방문을 통하여 불옆포의 함정효과를 제안하였다. 조사 기간 중 앉은부채의 화서는 개화기 중 산림 조류(특히 어치, Garrulus glandarius brandtii Eversmann)에 의해 대부분이 피식됨이 관찰되었다. 주변 환경에 따른 방분 곤충상과 화서 피식의 영향에 따른 앉은부채의 번식상의 취약성과 이와 관련한 생육지 보존에 유용한 정보를 제안하였다.

Keywords

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