Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
권호 표지

Comparison of Soil Surface Hardness, Soil Compaction, and Infiltration Rate of Warm-Season and Cool-Season Grasses Grown Under Athletic Field Soil Systems

경기장 지반 종류별 난지형 및 한지형 잔디의 표면 경도, 토심 경도 및 투수 속도 비교

Kim, Kyoung-Nam;Shim, Sang-Ryul
김경남;심상렬

  • Published : 20030000
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Abstract

Research was initiated to investigate soil physical properties in several turfgrasses grown under multi-layer, USGA, and mono-layer systems. Higher soil compaction were observed in Korean lawngrass (KLG, Zoysia japonica Steud.) and Kentucky bluegrass (KB, Poa pratensis L.), but perennial ryegrass (PR, Lolium perenne L.) resulted in the lowest. Significant differences were found in soil surface hardness among turfgrass entries. It was greater in cool-season grass (CSG) than in KLG. Highest hardness was found in KB with a characteristic of rhizomatous growth habit. Therefore, CSG higher in surface hardness was considered to be more suitable for a soccer field, due to playing safety, slow decline in physical strength, and decreased turf injury from wear stress. Great differences were observed for infiltration rate among soil systems, in which USGA system resulted in the fastest and mono-layer system with no intermediate and drainage layers the slowest. Water infiltration efficiency of mono-layer system was 30 to 40% lower, as compared to that of USGA system. Generally, KLG showed faster infiltration rate than CSG. KB showed the fastest rate among the CSG entries, while PR the slowest rate. These results demonstrate that soil structure with rootzone, intermediate, and drainage layers is a strong necessity for a quality-oriented soccer field and also proper sand with a narrow particle-size distribution should be used. Physiological characteristics like root growth and development that are closely related with infiltration efficiency, are also important elements to be considered in proper design and construction. USGA system was considered as the most suitable one for a quality-oriented field in terms of overall turf performance, economic efficiency, and construction easiness.

본 연구는 다단 구조, USGA 구조 및 약식 구조에서 표면 경도, 토심 경도 및 투수 속도 특성을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 토심 경도는 일반형 들잔디, 중엽형 들잔디 및 개량형 들잔디와 켄터키블루그래스가 높은 편이었고, 퍼레니얼라이그래스가 가장 낮았다. 이는 간접적으로 초종 간 뿌리 생장 차이로 나타난 토양 반발력 차이 때문인 것으로 판단되었다. 표면 경도는 초종에 따라 차이가 크게 나타났다. 한국잔디보다 한지형 잔디의 표면 경도가 높았으며 특히 지하경 생장을 하는 켄터키블루그래스의 표면 경도가 가장 높았다. 따라서, 표면 경도가 더 높은 한지형 잔디가 선수들의 체력 소모 및 부상 위험이 적고, 답압에 의한 잔디 피해도 적어 경기장에 더 적합한 잔디로 판단되었다. 투수 속도는 지반 종류에 따라 크게 차이가 나타났다. 세 가지 지반 중에서 투수 속도는 USGA 구조에서 가장 빠른 반면, 중간층과 배수층이 없는 약식 구조에서 가장 느렸다. 약식 구조의 투수성은 USGA 구조에 비해 평균적으로 3040% 정도 떨어졌다. 초종별 투수 속도는 난지형인 들잔디가 한지형 잔디에 비해 빨랐다. 한지형 잔디 중에서는 켄터키블루그래스의 투수 속도가 가장 빨랐으며, 투수 속도가 가장 느린 것은 퍼레니얼라이그래스였다. 우수한 기능의 잔디 그라운드를 유지하기 위해서는 식재층, 중간층 및 배수층을 갖는 다층 구조 개념의 지반에 조성하는 것이 필요하며, 또한 경기장 조성 시 사용하는 골재는 입도 분포 및 균일도가 적합한 것을 사용하는 것이 필요하다. 잔디 그라운드의 투수 성능에 밀접하게 영향을 주는 뿌리 생장 및 근계 발달과 같은 생리적인 특성도 설계 및 시공 시에 고려해야 할 중요한 요소이다. 잔디 적응성, 경제성 및 시공성 등 여러 가지 요인을 고려할 때 USGA 구조가 가장 적합한 지반이었다. 따라서, 잔디 적응력, 물리적 특성, 잔디 마모 피해 등을 종합적으로 고려 시 USGA 구조에 조성한 켄터키블루그래스가 월드컵 경기장과 같은 고품질 경기장에 가장 적합하다고 판단되었다.

Keywords

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