Effect of Granular Silicate Application on Quality and Shelf Lifeof Tomato in Perlite Culture

펄라이트 수경 재배 토마토의 품질 및 저장성에 미치는 규소의 영향

Kim, Young-Chul;Kim, Kwang-Yong;Seo, Hyo-Duk;Park, Kuen-Woo;Yun, Hyung-Kweon;Seo, Tae-Cheol;Lee, Ji-Won;Lee, Sang-Gyu
김영철;김광용;서효덕;박권우;윤형권;서태철;이지원;이상규

  • Published : 20030000

Abstract

Increasing the amount of silicate application, the soluble solid content increased to 6.9$^{o}Brix$ in 4 $tonáha^-1$ as against 6.3$^{o}Brix$ in the control, but the extent of titratable acidity was not significant between the treatments. In reducing sugar content of fruits, analyzed every 7 days from 27 days after anthesis, glucose and fructose took up half of total sugar and the content of sucrose was very low. Glucose content at 41 days after anthesis was higher, showing 26.8 and 26.4 $mgag^-1 $ in 2 and 4 $tonáha^-1$, respectively, than 21.8 $mgag^-1 $ of the control. Glucose content 48 days after anthesis was higher, showing 30.5 and 33.3 $mgag^-1 $ in 2 and 4 $tonáha^-1$, respectively, than 24.5 $mgag^-1 $ of the control. Fructose content showed the same tendency as glucose content. Lycopene content of fruit was 8.37 in 4 $tonáha^-1$ treatment. It was 2.74 times higher than 3.13 $mgag^-1 $ of the control. The fruit containing more soluble silicon had more content of lycopene. $CO_{2}$ and $C_{2}H_4$ evolution and hardness of fruit were measured every day after harvesting. $CO_{2}$ evolution was maintained high value for one day and then decreased eventually. It showed lowest value after four days. $CO_{2}$ evolution was lowest in 4 $tonáha^-1$ treatment throughout the duration and showed the same value until 4 days after harvesting. $C_{2}H_4$ evolution was not significant between the treatments. Maximum value was observed in two days after harvest and then decreased eventually. Fruit hardness was 1.61 and 1.66 $kgácm^-2$ in 2 and 4 $tonáha^-1$ treatment, respectively, and was 1.35 $kgácm^-2$ in the control.

규소의 시용과 품질과의 관계를 조사한 결과 규소 시용량이 증가함에 따라 당도가 향상되어 4ton·ha-1 시용구에서 가용성 고형물 함량이 6.94oBrix로 무시용구의 6.28oBrix에 비해 높았으나, 적정 산도는 시용구 간에 차이가 없었다. 과실 내 환원당 함량은 착과 후 34일경부터 과실 성숙 후기로 갈수록 규소 시용량이 많을수록 많아졌다. Glucose 함량은 개화 후 41일에 2ton·ha-1 시용구와 4ton·ha-1 시용구에서 각각 26.8과 26.4mg으로 무시용구의 21.8mg에 비해 높았으며, 48일에는 30.5와 33.2mg으로 무시용구의 24.5mg에 비해 높았다. Fructose 함량도 다소의 차이만 있을 뿐 같은 경향을 나타내었다. Lycopene 색소는 4ton·ha-1 시용구에서 신선 과실중 1g 당 8.37mg으로 무시용구 3.13mg에 비해 2.7배나 높았으며, 규소 시용량이 많아질수록 lycopene 색소의 함량도 증가하였다. 착과 후 45일에 수확한 과실을 상온에 저장하면서 1일 간격으로 4차례에 걸쳐 조사한 CO2 발생량은 무시용구에서 32.6mLákg-1·h-1로 가장 높았으며, 4ton·ha-1 시용구에서 14.2mLákg-1·h-1로 가장 낮았다. 수확 직후 최고치를 나타냈던 CO2 발생량은 점점 감소하였으며, 상온 저장 4일째에 무시용구에서 19.0mLákg-1·h-1, 4ton·ha-1 시용구에서 10.8mLákg-1·h-1로 최저치를 나타내었다. 에틸렌 발생량은 수확 첫째날 6.9-4.3mLákg-1·h-1로 시용구 간에 차이가 없었으나, 수확 2일째에는 무시용구에서 42.7mLákg-1·h-1로 가장 높았고, 4ton·ha-1 시용구에서 23.7mLákg-1·h-1로 가장 낮았으며, 3, 4일째에는 모든 시용구에서 공히 감소하였다. 경도는 무시용구의 1.35kgácm-2에 비해 2, 4ton·ha-1 시용구에서 1.61, 1.66kgácm-2로 높아졌다.

Keywords

References

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  22. Received January 17, 2003; accepted May 19, 2003