Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life (동아시아식생활학회지)

The East Asian Society of Dietary Life (동아시아식생활학회)
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Research on the Recognition of the Ritual Ceremony

제례의식의 인지도 조사연구

  • 김정미 (세종대학교 조리외식경영학과) ;
  • 김종군 (세종대학교 조리외식경영학과) ;
  • 장성현 (세종대학교 조리외식경영학과)
  • Published : 2003.06.01
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Abstract

This research was performed to identify the characteristics of the Korean rituals and to establish the desirable ritual culture. The recognition of the ritual culture was investigated by the general environmental factors such as gender, age, religion and education background. The rituals were generally recognized as positive. Some significant differences were shown according to religion, gender and residential area. To succeed the tradition of the preparation and the table-setting of ritual foods and to conduct the rituals by the descendants were recognized relatively high by the Buddhists and males living In Gyeongsangbuk-do. The degree of recognition of the method of table-setting of ritual foods was higher if one was married and older, with Buddhism and the oldest daughter-in-law in a family. As above, the culture of Korean rituals showed some differences according to the general environment and regions of the individual. The reason why regional differences were shown high was mainly because tradition and conservatism were maintained according to the unique regional thought and natural environment rather than impacts of the changes of times. That some differences were shown according to general environmental factors suggested that the traditional ritual culture was gradually changing according to the environmental changes in the modem times. Also, the recognition on the ritual culture were identified through investigations by general environmental factors such as gender, age, religion and education background.

본 연구에서는 현대 제례문화를 알아보기 위하여 서울, 부천과 안동지역을 중심으로 제례에 대한 의식에 관하여 조사하였고, 성별, 연령, 종교, 학력 등 일반 환경요인이 제례의식에 미치는 영향을 비교하여 현대 제례의식에 대한 인지도를 조사하였다. 제례에 대한 의식은 대체로 긍정적인 경향이었다. 종교, 성별, 거주지역에 따라 차이를 보였는데, 종교가 불교일 경우와 남성의 경우 그리고 거주지역이 경북지역인 경우 제사음식의 상차림에 대한 전통전수와 후손들도 제사를 모셔야 한다는 의식이 비교적 높게 나타났다. 또한 제사상의 진설방법과 제사에서 축문 등의 절차와 의미의 인지 정도는 연령이 높을수록, 불교 신자, 기혼자, 그리고 맏며느리인 경우에 더 잘 알고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 제례에 대한 의식에 있어서 거주지역별, 종교, 성별, 연령, 결혼 여부, 학력에 따라 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 특히 종교가 불교일 경우 제례에 대한 의식이 긍정적이고 전통적인 제례방식을 지키고 전수해야 한다는 의식이 높게 나타났다. 이에 반해 기독교에서는 제사양식과는 다른 추도예배 형식으로 조상에 대한 예가 진행되는 경향으로 종교에 따른 형식면에서 차이가 있었다. 이상과 같이 제례 의식은 개인의 일반 환경과 지역에 따라 차이가 있었는데 이는 시대 변화에 의한 영향보다는 그 지역의 전통적 사고 의식과 자연환경에 따라 전통성과 보수성을 유지하는 것을 의미한다. 또한 일반 환경요인별로 차이가 있는 것으로 보아 현대 사회 환경 변화에 따라 제례 의식도 서서히 변화되고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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