Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Pretreated Korean Red Ginseng on Carbon Tetrachloride and Galactosamine-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

홍삼의 전처리에 의한 사염화탄소 및 갈락토사민 유발 간독성에 대한 보호효과

  • Published : 2003.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In present study, we examined whether or not the pretreatment of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) could protect hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl$_4$) and D-galatosamine (GalN). For this study, we not only tested activity of various plasma enzymes (AST, ALT, SDH, LDH), which are used as indicators of liver disease, but also checked the change of liver components such as lipid, glutathione and cytochromes content, and several liver enzyme activity. Pretreatment of KRG for two weeks significantly reduced the elevated plasma enzyme activities induced by CCl$_4$ and GalN. Pretreatment of KRG also restored the hepatic enzymes, malonedialdehyde formation, and depletion of reduced glutathione content induced by CCl$_4$ and GalN to near normal level. However, ${\gamma}$-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity was lot affected by KRG. These results suggest that KRG shows the hepatoprotective effect by reducing lipid peroxidation, by reducing the activity of free radical generating enzymes, and by preserving the hepatic glutathione.

Keywords

References

  1. Yun (Choi), H. S. and Chang I-M.: Kor. J. Pharmacogn., 8, 125 (1977)
  2. Chang, I-M. and Yun (Choi), H. S.: ibid, 9, 139 (1978)
  3. Chng, I-M., Park, Y. C. and Yun (Choi), H. S.: Korean Biochem. J., 15, 200 (1982)
  4. Yang, K. H., Kwon, T.J., Choe, S. Y., Yun, H. S. and Chang, I-M.: Drug Chem. Toxicol., 6, 429 (1983) https://doi.org/10.3109/01480548309014165
  5. Chang, I-M., Ryu, J. C., Park, Y. C., Yun (Choi), H. S. and Yang, K. H.: Drug Chem. Toxicol., 6, 443 (1983). https://doi.org/10.3109/01480548309014166
  6. Chang, I-M., Chang, K. S. and Yun, H. S.: Kor. J. Pharmacogn., 14, 95 (1983)
  7. Chang, I-M., Yun, H. S., Kim, Y. S. and Ahn, J. W.: Ann. Report Natural Prod. Res. Inst., Seoul Nat. Univ., 23, 59 (1984)
  8. 장일무，윤혜숙，양규환: 생약연구소업적집 (서울대학교), 23, 90 (1984)
  9. Desplaces, A., Choppi, J., Voge, G. and Trost, W: Arzneim. Forschung., 25, 86 (1975)
  10. Choppin, J. and Desplaces, A.: Arzneim. Farschung., 29, 63 (1979)
  11. Ramellini, G. and Meldolesi, J.: Arzneim. Farschung., 26, 69 (1976).
  12. Bindoli, A., Cavallini, L. and Siliprandi, N.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 2405 (1977) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(77)90449-X
  13. Kim, B. S., Kim, H. K, Choi, J. W. and Lee, C. K.: Kor. J. Pharmacogn., 27 (1), 47 (1996)
  14. Hahn, D. R.: Proc. 2nd Int,l Ginseng Symp., 135(1978)
  15. Song, J. H., Park, M. J., Kim, E. and Kim, Y. C.,; YakhakHoeji, 34 (5), 341 (1990)
  16. Joo, C. N.: Proc. 4th Int,l Ginseng Symp., Korean Ginseng and Tabacco Research Institute, 63 (1984)
  17. Matsuda, H., Samukawa, K. and Kuho, M.: Planta Medica, 57, 52 (1991) https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960198
  18. Reitman, S. and Frankel, S. K.: Amer. J. Clin. Pathol., 28, 56 (1957)
  19. Weisner, I. S., Rawnsley, H. M., Brooks, F. P. and Senior, J. R.: Am. J. Dig. Dis. 10, 147 (1965) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02236665
  20. Szasa, F.: Clin. Chem., 15, 124(1969)
  21. Kind, P. R. N. and King, E. J.: J. Clin. Pathol., 7, 322 (1954) https://doi.org/10.1136/jcp.7.4.322
  22. Berga, L. and Btoida, D.: Sigma Tech. Bull., 500-8-60 (1960)
  23. Ohkawa, H., Ohishi, N. and Yaki, K: Anal. Biochem., 95, 351(1979) https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3
  24. Richardson, R. J. and Murphy, S. D.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 31, 505 (1975) https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(75)90274-4
  25. Summer, K. H. and Greim, H.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 96, 566 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(80)91393-5
  26. Omura, T. and Sato, R.: J. Biol. Chem., 239, 2370 (1964)
  27. Nash, T.:J. Biol. Chem., 55, 416 (1953)
  28. Bidlack, W. R. and Lowry, G. L.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 31, 311 (1982) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(82)90176-9
  29. Habig, W. H., Pabist, M. J. and Jakoby, W. B.:J. Biol. Chem., 249, 7130 (1974)
  30. Meister; A. and Richman, P. G.: J. Biol. Chem., 250, 1422 (1975)
  31. Mize, C. E. and Langdon, R. G.: Hepatic glutathione reductase.: J. Biol. Chem., 237, 1589 (1962)
  32. Lowry, O. H., Rodebrough, N. J. Farr, A. L. and Randall, R. J.: J. Biol. Chem., 193, 265 (1951)
  33. Noll, T. and de Groot, H.: Biochem. Biophys, Acta., 795, 356 (1984) https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2760(84)90086-9
  34. Decker, K. and Kepper, D.: Galactosamine-induced liver injury in Progress in Liver Disease, Popper, H. and Schaffer, E(eds.), Grune & Stratton, New York, vol. 14, p. 183 (1973)
  35. Wang, J. and Wendel, A.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 39, 267 (1968) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(90)90025-G
  36. Keppler, D., Lesch, R, Reutter, W. and Decker, K.: Exp. Mol. Pathol., 9, 279 (1968) https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4800(68)90042-7
  37. El-Mofty, S. K, Scrutton, M. C., Serroni, A., Nicolini, C. and Farber; J. L.: Am. J. Pathol., 79, 579 (1975)
  38. Farber, J, L., Gill, G. and Konishi, Y.: Am. J. Pathol., 72, 53 (1973)
  39. Lesch, R., Reutter, W., Keppler, D. and Decker, K.: Exp. Mol. Pathol., 12, 58 (1969) https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4800(70)90075-4
  40. Miller, E. C. and Miller, J. A.: Hepatocarcinogenesis by chemicals in Progress in liver disease, Popper, H. and Schaffner; E(eds.), Grune & Stratton, New York, Vol. 5, p. 699 (1972)
  41. Zieve, L., Anderson, W Rand Dozeman, R.: J. Lab. Clin. Med., 112, 575 (1988)
  42. Vengerovskii, A. I., Sedykh, I. M., Novozheeva, T. P. and Saratikov, A. S.: Patol. Fiziol. Eksp. Ter., 2, 37 (1990)
  43. Ahokas, J. T., Davies, C., Ravenscroft, P. J. and Emmerson, B. T.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 33, 1929 (1984) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(84)90549-5
  44. Ahokas, J. T., Nichollas, F. A., Ravenscroft, P. J. and Emmerson, B. T.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 34, 2157 (1985) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(85)90411-3
  45. Dodds, M. G. and Foord, R. D.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 40, 227 (1970) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1970.tb09916.x
  46. Ahokas, J. T., Davies, C, Ravenscroft, P. J. and Emmerson, B. T.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 33, 1929 (1984) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(84)90549-5
  47. Klassen, C. D. and Fitzgerraid, T. J.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 191, 548 (1974)
  48. Ahokas. J. T., Nichollas, F. A., Ravenscroft, P. J. and Emmerson, B. T.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 34, 2157 (1985) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(85)90411-3

Cited by

  1. Induced Liver Injury in BALB/c Mice vol.25, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2012.25.5.633
  2. Preventive effects of protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol ginsenosides on liver inflammation and apoptosis in hyperlipidemic apoE KO mice vol.7, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-011-0245-7