Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Dynamics of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton of a Shallow Eutrophic Lake (lake llgam)

수심이 얕은 부영양 인공호(일감호)의 동 ${\cdot}$ 식물플랑크톤 동태학

  • Kim, Ho-Sub (Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Konkuk University) ;
  • Park, Je-Chul (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology) ;
  • Hwang, Soon-Jin (Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Konkuk University)
  • 김호섭 (건국대학교 지역건설환경공학과) ;
  • 박제철 (금오공과대학교) ;
  • 황순진 (건국대학교 지역건설환경공학과)
  • Published : 2003.09.30
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Abstract

This study was attempted to understand seasonal dynamics of phyto- and zooplankton communities in shallow, eutrophic Lake llgam and to compare them with the PEG (Plankton Ecology Group) model. Seasonal succession pattern of phytoplankton community was similar to PEG model as Chlorophyceae and Baciliphyceae increase during spring and autumn fellowed by increase of Cyanophyceae. However, based on the cell density and biomass, a dominant phytoplankton community differed with PEG model: Cyanophyceae had been a dominant community throughout a year, except for ice-cover period during which Chlorophyceae was a dominant group. In spring, when ice melted and dissolved nutrients in water column increased, the increase of Chlorophyceae occurred: when nutrients (DIN and DIP) rapidly decreased, Cyanophyceae increase occurred. Microcystis, Oscillatoria, Lyngbya, Merismopedia were maior dominant species of Cyanophyceae and their cell density and/or biomass was the highest in October 2000 (12.9${\pm}$5.8${\times}10^5$ cells/ml, 3.5${\pm}$0.9${\times}10^3{\mu}gC/l$). Cyanophyceae biomass showed positive relationship with chlorophyll a ($r^2$ = 0.71,P< 0.001) and TP concentration ($r^2$ = 0.62, P< 0.001). Small-sized rotifers such as Keratella cochlearis, increased between March and May when Chlorophyceae increased. Both high standing crop of copepods and cladocerans, such as Diaphanosoma brachyrum and Bosmina longirostris occurred between June and September accompanied with the increase of Dinophyceae and Bacillariophyceae. There was no evidence that clear-water phase was caused by zooplankton grazing. The diversity and evenness index of phyto- and/or zooplankton increased with chlorophyll a concentration. These results suggest zooplankton grazing and limiting nutrient deficiency could lead to change of phytoplankton biomass, but not the phytoplankton community in Lake llgam.

본 연구는 수심이 얕고 부영양화가 지속되고 있는 인공호수에서의 동 ${\cdot}$식물플랑크톤의 종 조성과 현존량의 계절변화, 수질인자와의 상관관계 그리고 PEG모델과의 비교를 위해 실시되었다. 식물플랑크톤의 분류군 별 계절적 출현양상은 봄과 가을에 녹조류와 규조류가 우점하고 여름에 남조류의 현존량이 증가함에 따라 PEG모델과 유사하였다. 그러나 현존량에 의한 우점종의 변화는 2002년 1월부터 3월가지 녹조류가 우점했던 것을 제외하고는 조사기간 내내 남조류가 우점 함으로써 PEG모델과 다르게 나타냈다. 수체 내 영양염의 증가가 나타난 봄철 녹조류가 증가하였고, 무기영양염의 감소와 함께 남조류의 우점비율이 증가하였다. 주요출현 남조류는 Microcystis, Oscillatoria, Lyngbya, Merismopedia속 내종들 이였고, 2000년 10월에 가장 높은 현존량을 나타났으며 (12.9${\pm}$5.8${\times}10^5$ cells/ml, 3.5${\pm}$0.9${\times}10^3{\mu}gC/l$), 엽록소 a ($r^2$ = 0.71, P< 0.001), TP농도 ($r^2$ = 0.62, P< 0.001)와 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 녹조류가 우점한 3월부터 5월 사이에 윤충류인 Keratella cochlearis와 같은 크기가 작은 윤충류의 증가가 나타났다. 성체보다는 대부분 유생의 비율이 (70%이상)높았던 요각류와 지각류 (Diaphanosoma brachyurum, Bosmina longirostris등)의 현존량 증가는 식물플랑크톤 중 와편모조류와 규조류가 증가한 6월과 9월 사이에 나타났다($r^2$=0.73, P< 0.001). 본 연구기간동안 동물플랑크톤 섭식에 의한 청수기는 관찰되지 않았으며, 동 ${\cdot}$ 식물플랑크톤의 다양성은 식물플랑크톤의 생물량 증가 시 회복되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과에서는 부영양 호수에서 동물플랑크톤의 섭식이나 제한영양염의 결핍이 식물플랑크톤의 현존량에 영향을 출 수 있으나 군집의 변화를 야기하지는 못함이 제시되었다.

Keywords

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