The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
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Immuno-modulatory and Antitumor Effect of Crude Polysaccharides Extracted from Sclerotium of Grifola umbellata

저령(Grifola umbellata)의 균핵에서 추출한 조다당류의 면역활성 및 항암 효과

  • Oh, Yun-Hee (Department of Biology, University of Incheon) ;
  • Lee, U-Youn (Department of Biology, University of Incheon) ;
  • Lee, Min-Woong (Department of Applied Biology, Dongguk University) ;
  • Shim, Mi-Ja (Department of Life Science, University of Seoul) ;
  • Lee, Tae-Soo (Department of Biology, University of Incheon)
  • Published : 2004.06.30
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Abstract

Neutral salt-soluble, hot water-soluble and methanol-soluble materials (hereinafter referred to Fr. NaCl, Fr. HW and Fr. MeOH, respectively) were extracted from sclerotium of Grifola umbellata. The Fr. NaCl and Fr. HW did not show any direct cytotoxicity against NIH3T3, Sarcoma 180 and MCF-7, but Fr. MeOH showed cytotoxicity against these cell lines at the concentration of $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. Intraperitoneal injection with Fr. NaCl showed antitumor effect with life prolongation of 66.7% and decrease the number of Sarcoma 180 cells of 54.2% in mice inoculated with Sarcoma 180. Fr. NaCl improved the immunopotentiation activity through alternative complement pathway and the alkaline phosphatase activity by $85.05{\sim}88.73%$ and 6 folds, respectively. The number of peritoneal exudate cells and the circulating leucocytes were increased by 1.7 and 3.6 folds in the Fr. NaCl treating group compared with the control group, respectively. The weight of immunoorgans such as liver, spleen and thymus were also gradually increased. The hematological analysis of the Fr. NaCl group was similar with that of the control group. The total polysaccharide and protein contents of Fr. NaCl were 98.25% and 1.44%, respectively. These results indicate that the antitumor activity of Fr. NaCl was exerted through immunopotentiation, but not through cytotoxicity against the tumor cells.

저령의 균핵으로부터 중성염용액, 열수 및 메탄올 추출물을 분리하였다. 세포독성 실험 결과, 중성염용액 추출물은 $0{\sim}2,000\;{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 NIH3T3, Sarcoma 180 및 MCF-7에 대한 세포독성이 없었으나, 메탄올 추출물에서는 $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ 이상의 농도에서는 독성을 나타내었다. Sarcoma 180 복수암에 대한 항암 효과는 중성염용액 추출물을 투여한 실험군에서 66.74%의 높은 생명 연장 효과를 나타내었으며, 암세포의 생 세포 수 또한 54.2% 감소시키는 효과를 나타내었다. 중성염용액 추출물은 대조군에 비해 보체 대체 경로에서의 항보체 활성을 $85.05{\sim}88.73%$, B 임파구의 alkaline phosphatase 활성을 6배 이상 증가시킴으로써 면역 활성 효과를 향상시켰다. 또한 중성염용액 추출물을 50 mg/kg body weight의 농도로 마우스 복강에 투여하였을 때 대조군에 비하여 복강세포수가 1.7배 증가하였으며, 혈액 내 백혈구 수 또한 3.6배의 증가를 나타내었다. 간, 비장 및 흉선 등의 면역 관련 장기의 체중에 대한 중량을 측정한 결과, 중성염용액 추출물 투여군은 대조군에 비해 증가된 수치를 보였으며, 혈액생화학적 검사를 시행한 결과, 대조군과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 중성염용액 추출물의 총 다당류와 단백질의 함양은 각각 98.25%와 1.44%로 측정되었다. 따라서 저령균핵의 중성염용액 추출물의 항암 효과가 암세포에 대한 직접적인 세포독성에 의한 것이 아니고 면역활성에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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