The effect of 12week walking exercise on blood pressure of postmenopausal women

12주 걷기 운동이 폐경기 여성의 혈압에 미치는 영향

Gang, Ho-Yul;Jeong, Su-Ryeon;Jeong, Hyeon-Ryeong
강호율;정수련;정현령

  • Published : 20040000

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12-week walking exercise on arterial blood pressure(BP) in postmenopausal women. The 13 postmenopausal women with high normal or stageⅠ (Resting systolic BP/diastolic BP; 148±4.3 mmHg/96±3.1mmHg) were volunteered for this study (Age; 56.8±1.8 yr, Height; 154.3±2.0 cm, Body Weight; 64.9±3.0 kg). The walking program was treadmill walking and running for 30-60 min/4-days/12-weeks. The walking distance was progressively increased for whole training period (pre; 1600.9±88.3m/day, 6wks; 3651.0±257.7m/day, 12wks; 4818.5±261.8m/day, p<0.05). The maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was significantly increased during training (pre; 22.7±0.6 ml/kg/min, 6wks; 24.1±0.7 ml/kg/min, 12wks; 25.3±0.7 ml/kg/min, p<0.05). The resting arterial blood pressures at 6-week training were significantly reduced in comparison with blood pressures prior to training (Systolic BP; -6 mmHg, Diastolic BP; -4 mmHg, p<0.05) and further significantly decreased at 12 weeks of exercise compared to blood pressures at 6 week of training (Systolic BP; -6 mmHg, p< 0.05). The plasma insulin level was significantly reduced during 12-week training period. but plasma glucose and lipids were not significantly changed during 12-week training period. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that 12-week walking exercise can significantly reduce the arterial blood pressures in postmenopausal hypertensive women.

Keywords

References

  1. ACSM Position Stand: Physical Activity, physical fitness, and hypertension.(1993) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 25:i-x https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199301000-00001
  2. American College of Sports Medicine.(1993) Physical activity, fitness, and hypertension (position stand). Med Sci Sports Exerc, 25:i-x https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199301000-00001
  3. Arroll B, Beaglehole R. (1992) Does physical activity lower blood pressure a critical review of the clinical trials. J Clin Epedemiol, 45:439-447 https://doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(92)90093-3
  4. Blair SN, Goodyear NN, Gibons LW, Cooper KH.(1984) Physical fitness and incidence of hypertension in healthy normotensive men and women. JAMA, 252:487-490 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.252.4.487
  5. Collins R, Peto R McMahon S, Hebert P, Fiebach NH, Eberlien KA, God-win KA, Qizibash N, Taylor JO, Hennekens CH.(1993) Blood pressure stroke, and coronary heart disease: Part 2. Short term reduction in blood pressure: overview National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group report primary prevention of hypertension. Arch Interm Med , 153:186-208 https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.153.2.186
  6. Cutler JA, Follmann D, Elliott P, Suh I.(1991) An overview of randomized trials of sodium reduction and blood pressure. Hypertension, 17(suppl I):27-33 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.17.1_Suppl.I27
  7. DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E.(1991) Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care. Mar;14(3):173-94 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.14.3.173
  8. Douglas R. S, Heather G. Silberman, Ms, Mary Jo Reiling, Ms, and Kebin P. Daby.(1997) Effect of Regular Aerobic Exercise on Elevated Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women. Am J Cardiol, 80:49-55 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00282-8
  9. Fagard RH.(1993) Physicalfitnessandbloodpressure. J Hypertens, 11(suppl 5):S47-S52.
  10. Fortman SP, Haskell WL, Wood PD,(1988) Effects of weight loss on clinic and ambulatory blood pressure in normotensive men. Am J Cardiol, 62:89-93 https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(88)91370-7
  11. Hagberg JM.(1988) Exercise, fitness and hypertension. In: Bouchard C, Shepard RJ, Stephens T, Sutton JR, McPherson BD, eds. Exercise, Fitness and Health, Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Press, 455-466
  12. Hirofumi T, David R. Bassett Jr, Edward T. Howley, Dixie L. Thompson, Mugammd Ashraf and Feemn L. Rawson. Swimming training lower the resting blood pressure in individuals with hypertension.(1997) Journal of hypertension, 15: 651-657 https://doi.org/10.1097/00004872-199715060-00012
  13. Ishikawa-Takata K,Ohta T, Tanaka H.(2003).How much exercise is required to reduce blood pressure in essential hypertensives: a dose-response study. Am J Hypertens. 16(8):629-33 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-7061(03)00895-1
  14. Kelley G, McClellan P. (1994) Antihypertensive effects of aerobic exercise: a brief meta-analytic review of randomized controlled trials. Am J Hypertens, 7:115-119
  15. Krotkiewsi M, Mandroukas K, Sjostrom L, Sullivan L, Wetterqvist H, Bjorntorp P.(1979) Effects of long-term physical training on body fat, metabolism, and blood pressure in obesity. Metabolism ,28:650-658 https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(79)90018-0
  16. McFarlane SI, Jacober SJ, Winer N, Kaur J, Castro JP, Wui MA, Gliwa A, Von Gizycki H, Sowers JR.(2002)Control of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes and hypertension at urban academic medical centers. Diabetes Care. Apr;25(4):718-23 https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.25.4.718
  17. McCarron DA, Reusser ME.(1996) Body weight and blood pressure regulation. Am J Clin Nutr, 63(suppl):423S-425S
  18. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group report primary prevention of hypertension. (1993). Arch Interm Med, 153:186-208 https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.153.2.186
  19. Nelson L, Jennings GL, Esler MD, Korer PI.(1986) Effect of changing levels of physical activity on blood-pressure and haemodynamics inessential hypertension. Lancet, ii:473-476
  20. Pruess HG, Gondal JA, Lieberman S.(1996) Association of macronutrients and energy intake with hypertensio. J Am Coll Nutr, 15:21-35
  21. Roman O, Camuzzi AL, Villalon E, Klenner C.(1981) Physical training program in arterial hypertension: a long-term prospective follow-up. Cardiology, 67:230-243 https://doi.org/10.1159/000173248
  22. Seals DR, Silverman HG, Reiling MJ, Davy KP.(1997).Effect of regular aerobic exercise on elevated blood pressure in postmenopausal women. Am J Cardiol. 1;80(1):49-55 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00282-8
  23. Seals DR, Hagberg JM.(1984) The effect of exercise training on human hypertension: a review. Med Sci Sports 'Exerc, 16:207-215 https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198406000-00001
  24. Stamler J Stamler T, Neaton J.(1993) Blood pressure, sstolic and diastolic, and cardiovascular risks: U.S. population data. Arch Intern Med, 1553:598-615
  25. Stamler R, Stamler J, Gosch F, Civinelli F, Fishman F, Mckeever P, Mc-Donald A, Dyer A. (1989) Primary prevention of hypertension by nutritional-hygienic means. JAMA, 262:1801-1807 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.262.13.1801
  26. The fifty report of the joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC V).(1993). Arch Interm Med, 153:154-183 https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.153.2.154
  27. Tipton CM.(1991) Exercise, training and hypertension: an update In Exercise sport Sci Rev. Edited by Holloszy JO. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 447-505