Journal of Chest Surgery

The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (대한심장혈관흉부외과학회)
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Clinical Analysis for the Result after Curative Resection of Esophageal Cancer

식도암에서 근치적 절제술 후의 성적에 대한 임상적 고찰

  • 이재익 (동아대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 노미숙 (동아대학교 의과대학 병리학교실) ;
  • 최필조 (동아대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 2004.04.01
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Abstract

Esophageal cancer is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. Recently, every effort has been made to improve the long term survival, but the general prognosis for patients with this disease remains poor. In this study, we reviewed 8 years of experiences with esophageal cancer patients managed in our department at Dong-A University Hospital and evaluated the effectiveness of cervical lymph node dissection performed selectively. Material and Method: From January 1995 to August 2003, 70 patients underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in our department. Among them, 51 patients who underwent curative resection, had no double primary tumors and no neoadjuvant therapy were analyzed retrospectively. In most patients, intrathoracic esophagectomy and cervical esophago-gastrostomy was performed. Since 1997, 3-field lymph node dissection was performed selectively. Result: There were 46 men and 15 women. The median age was 60 years. The tumor was located in the upper third part in 10 patients (19%), middle third in 21 (41%), and lower third in 20 (40%). Majority of the patients (90%) had squamous cell carcinoma. Cervical anastomosis was made in 41 patients, and intrathoracic anastomosis in 10. 2-field lymph node dissection was done in 40 patients, and 3-field lymph node dissection in 11. The pathologic staging were as follows: stage I in 9 patients (17.6%), IIA in 20 (39.2%), IIIB in 7 (13.7%), III in 11 (21.6%), IVA in 2 (3.9%), and IVB in 2 (3.9%). The in-hospital mortality was 3.9% (2 patients) and complications occurred in 24 patients (47%). Overall actuarial 1, 3, and 5-year survival rates were 74.4%, 48.4%, and 48.4% including operative mortality. The 4-year survival rate did not differ significantly between 3-field lymph node dissection group (50.5%) and 2-field lymph node dissection group (48.9%). In 3-field lymph node dissection group, the respiratory complications were more frequent and operative time was significantly longer. Conclusion: We think that curative resection for esophageal cancer can be performed with acceptable mortality, and aggressive surgical approach may improve the long term survival. even for advanced stages. Effectiveness of 3-field lymph node dissection needs further investigations.

식도암은 예후가 좋지 않은 질환으로, 최근 식도암의 치료 성적을 향상시키기 위한 많은 노력이 행해지고 있으나 아직 그 결과는 만족스럽지 못하다. 이 연구에서는 지난 8년 간 동아대학교병원 흉부외과에서 치험한 식도암 환자를 대상으로 하여 조기 및 장기 성적을 분석함과 동시에 선택적으로 시행한 경부 임파절 절제술의 성적을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 1월부터 2003년 8월까지 동아대학교병원 흉부외과에서 식도암으로 식도절제술을 받은 70명의 환자 중 근치적 절제가 가능하였고, 중복암이 동반되어 있지 않으며, 술 전 보조요법을 받지 않은 식도암 환자 51명을 대상으로 하여 임상적 자료를 후향적인 방법으로 조사하였다 식도 절제는 대부분 우측 개흉술을 이용하였고 대부분의 문합은 경부에서 시행하였다. 1997년 후반부터 선택적인 환자에서 경부 임파절 절제술(3-field ltmph node dissection)을 시행하였다. 결과: 남녀 비는 46 : 5였고, 중앙 연령 값은 60세였다. 식도암의 위치는 상흉부 10명(19%), 중흉부 21명(41%), 하흉부 20명(40%)이었고, 조직학적으로는 편평상피세포암이 46명(90%)으로 가장 많았고 소세포암이 2명, 선암, 선암-편평상피세포암과 미분화세포암이 각각 1명씩이었다. 술식은 경부문합이 41명, 흉부문합이 10명이었으며, 2-field lymph node dissection을 40명에서 3-field lymph node dissection을 11명에서 시행하였다. 술 후 병기는 I기 9명(17.6%), IIA기 20명(39.2%), IIB기 7명(13.7%), III기 11명(21.6%), IVA기 2명(3.9%), IVB기 2명(3.9%)이었다. 술 후 원내 사망률은 3.9%(2명)이었고, 술 후 합병증은 24명(47%)에서 발생하였다. 수술 사망 예를 포함한 전체 환자의 1, 3, 5년 생존율은 각각 74.4%, 48.4%, 48.4%이었다. 경부 임파절 절제를 한 군은 4년 생존율이 50.5%로 2-field lymph node dissection을 한 군(48.9%)보다 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 호흡기 합병증의 빈도가 높았고 수술시간이 유의하게 길었다. 결론: 이상의 결과로부터 식도암에 대한 외과적 절제술은 비교적 낮은 수술 사망률로 시행할 수 있으며, 병기가 진행된 경우라도 적극적인 수술적 치료를 하는 것이 환자의 생존율을 향상시키는 데 도움이 된다고 생각한다. 또한 경부 임파절 절제의 필요성에 대해서는 좀 더 연구가 진행되어야 하리라 본다.

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