Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (대한간호학회지)

Korean Society of Nursing Science (한국간호과학회)
권호 표지

Perceived Social Support and Morale of the Elderly Staying at Home

재가 노인의 사회적 지지와 사기

  • Published : 2004.04.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationship between social support and morale in the elderly. Method: A structured questionnaire was carried out from April, 2003 to June, 2003 on 203 elderly. The data was analyzed with a SPSS program for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression was done Result: The level of social support was moderate, and family support was the highest score. In types of support, appraisal support was the highest score. The level of morale was slightly lower than moderate, and the score of social support showed significantly positive correlation with morale. In general characteristics, several variables were significantly related to social support and morale. The most powerful predictor of morale was material support by family and the variance was 19.6%. A combination of material support by family, emotional support by relatives, level of satisfaction with pocket money, perceived health, level of intimacy with one's children, and material support by friends account for 43.3% of the variance in morale of the elderly. Conclusion: To increase the morale of the elderly, it is necessary to consolidate material support by family and relatives.

Keywords

References

  1. Chae, S. W., & Oh, K. O. (1992). A Study on Social Support and the Quality of Life in the Elderly(The comparative analysis between home residents and institution residents). J Korean Acad Nurs, 22(4), 552-568
  2. Choi, Y. H., Kim, M. S., Byon, Y. S., & Won, J. S. (1990). Health Status of Elderly Persons in Korea. J Korean Acad Nurs, 20(3), 307-323
  3. Cobb, S. (1976). Social Support as a Moderate of Life Stress. Psychosom Med, 38(5), 300-314
  4. Eliopoulos, C. (1997). Gerontological Nursing (4th ed.). New York : J. B. Lippincott
  5. Goldberg, W. G., & Fitzpatrick, J. J. (1980). Movement Therapy with the Aged. Nurs Res, 29(6), 339-346
  6. Hong, S. J. (1992). A comparative study of life satisfaction between the Korean elderly in Korea and in America. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Kyung Hee University of Korea, Seoul
  7. Kanacki, L. S., Jones, P. S., & Galbraith, M. E. (1996). Social Support and Depression in Widows and Widowers. J Gerontol Nurs, 22(2), 39-45
  8. Kiefer, C. W., Kim, S., Choi, K., Kim, L., Kim, B. L., Shon, S., & Kim, T. (1985). Adjustment Problems of Korean American Elderly. Gerontologist, 25(5), 477-482
  9. Kim, J. S. (1987). A study on life satisfaction of the elderly in Korea. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Ewha Womans University of Korea, Seoul
  10. Kivett, V. R., & Learner, R. M. (1982). Situational Influences on the Morale of Older Rural Adults in Child-Shared Housing: a Comparative Analysis. Gerontologist, 22(1), 100-106
  11. Ko, S. D. (1996). An analytical study of factors affecting quality of life of the elderly. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Ewha Womans University of Korea, Seoul
  12. Larson, R. (1978). Thirty Years of Research on the Subjective Well-Being of Older Americans. J Gerontol, 33(1), 109-125
  13. Lawton, M. P. (1977). 'Morale: What Are We Measuring?' In C.N. Nydegger (ed.), Measuring Morale: A Guide to Effective Assessment. Washington, D. C. : Gerontological Society
  14. Lee, J. A. (1998). Friendship and morale of Korean elderly. Master's thesis, The Seoul National University of Korea, Seoul
  15. Magilvy, J. K. (1985). Quality of Life of Hearing-Impaired Older Women. Nurs Res, 34(3), 140-144
  16. McDowell, I., & Newell, C. (1996). Measuring health. New York, Oxford : Oxford University Press
  17. Moon, A. L. (1996). Morale among Korean American Elders Living Alone or with a Spouse Only and Its Correlates. J of the Korea Gerontological Society, 16(1), 96-109
  18. Palmore, E., & Luikart, C. (1972). Health and Social Factors Related to Life Satisfaction. J Health Soc Behav, 13(1), 68-80
  19. Park, J. W. (1985). A study to development a scale of social support. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Yonsei University of Korea, Seoul
  20. Phillips, L. R. (1991). Social support of the oler client. In W. C. Chenitz, J. T. Stone, & S. A. Salisbury, Clinical Gerontological Nursing : A guide to advanced practice(pp. 535-545). Philadelphia : W. B. Saunders Company
  21. Rice, R. W., Near, J. P., & Hunt, R. G. (1979). Unique variance in job and life satisfaction associated with work-related and extra-workplace variables. Human Relations, 32(7), 605-623
  22. Ryden, M. B. (1984). Morale and Perceived Control in Institutionalized Elderly. Nurs Res, 33(3), 136
  23. Ryden, M. B., & Knopman, D. (1989). Assess Not Assume Measuring the Morale of Cognitively Impaired Elderly. J Gerontol Nurs, 15(1 I), 27-32
  24. Shin, M. H. (1996). Loneliness and social support in the elderly. Master's thesis, The Chonbuk National University of Korea, Chonju
  25. Song, Y. J. (2002). The relationship among self-rated health status, health problem and the morale in the community residing elderly. Master's thesis, The Soonchunhyang University of Korea, Asan
  26. Suh, M. K. (1989). Social support and the elderly's mental well-being in modernizing Korea. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of South Carolina
  27. Tennant, K. F. (1990). Laugh it Off The Effect of Humor on the Well-being of the Older Adult. J Gerontol Nurs, 16(12), 11-17
  28. Thoits, P. A. (1982). Conceptual, Methodological, and Theoretical Problems in Studying Social Support as a Buffer Against Life Stress. J Health Soc Behav, 23(2), 145-159
  29. Wolk, S., & Telleen, S. (1976). Psychological and Social Correlates of Life Satisfaction as a Function of Residential Constraint. J Gerontol, 31(1), 89-98
  30. Yoo, Y. G. (2003). An ethnographic study of becoming an elder in Korea. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Kyung Hee University of Korea, Seoul