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Determination of the Optimum Condition in Preparing Gulbi (salted and semi-dried Yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis) by Brine Salting with Onion Peel Extract

양파껍질 추출물이 함유된 물간법으로 굴비 제조의 최적 조건 확립

  • Shin, Mee-Jin (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Kang, Seong-Gook (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Kim, Seon-Jae (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Mokpo National University) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Mok (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Mokpo National University)
  • 신미진 (목포대학교 생명공학부 식품생물공학전공) ;
  • 강성국 (목포대학교 생명공학부 식품생물공학전공) ;
  • 김선재 (목포대학교 생명공학부 식품생물공학전공) ;
  • 김정목 (목포대학교 생명공학부 식품생물공학전공)
  • Published : 2004.10.01

Abstract

For the development of better Gulbi processing, brine salting method was applied for the Yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis). The changes of moisture contents, salt contents, and total microbial numbers in Yellow croaker were measured following different brine concentration (20, 30%), temperature (5, 25, 35$^{\circ}C$), and soaking time (1, 6, 12, 24 hours) by brine salting method. Rate of salt penetration into Yellow croaker muscle increased as higher brine concentration and higher dipping temperature. When compared to commercial products of Gulbi by dry-salting method, the moisture and salt contents in Yellow croaker showed similar values after treated with 20% brine at $25^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. The weight of Yellow croaker increased about 4% when immersed it in 20% brine at 5$^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. There was no weight change at $25^{\circ}C$ dipping temperature and reduced 7% of weight at 35$^{\circ}C$ dipping temperature. At 30% brine concentration, the weight of Yellow croaker reduced 1%, 9%, and 13% on weight at 5$^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, and 35$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Total microbial counts in Yellow croaker muscle soaked at 30% brine showed 1 log lower numbers than 20%. The muscles had about 1 log higher microbial numbers than the treated brine solution. An ethanol extract of onion peel added to brine for giving better color and for preventing oxidation on Gulbi lipid. The treated group showed higher Land b values on Gulbi surface as well as antioxidant effect on the extracted oil.

현재 대부분의 굴비제조는 마른간법을 이용한 방법이 사용되고 있다. 마른간법은 제조 과정 인 섞기에 있어서 조기에 상처가 발생하기도 하여 제품의 품질을 저하시키는 단점이 있다. 따라서 물간법을 이용하여 식염농도별(20, 30%), 온도별(5, 25, 35$^{\circ}C$), 시간별(1, 6, 12, 24 hr) 조기 중의 수분과 염도의 변화 및 미생물의 변화를 살펴보았다. 물간법에 있어서 식염수의 농도가 높을수록 조기육의 탈수량도 많으며, 염장의 온도가 높을수록 식염의 조기육으로 삼투속도는 크게 나타나서 수분함량과 염도는 반비례하였다. 물간법에 있어서 식염농도 20%에서 $25^{\circ}C$, 1시간 염장 처리하면 마른간법으로 제조되어 시판되는 굴비와 유사한 수분 및 식염함량을 얻을 수 있었다. 조기육에 대한 무게 변화를 측정한 결과, 식염농도 20%에서 24시간 후 5$^{\circ}C$에서는 중량이 4% 정도 증가하고, $25^{\circ}C$에서는 변화가 없었으며, 35$^{\circ}C$에서는 7%정도 감소하였다. 반면 식염농도 30% 경우 5$^{\circ}C$에서 1%정도 중량 감소가 있었고, $25^{\circ}C$와 35$^{\circ}C$에서는 각각 9%와 13%정도 감소를 나타내었다. 조기육의 미생물수는 식염농도 20%에 침지한 것이 식염농도 30%에서보다 1 log 이상 높게 나타났고, 저장온도가 높을수록 미생물수은 증가하였다. 침지액속의 미생물수는 조기육보다 1 log 정도 낮은 값을 보여주었다. 양파껍질추출물을 이용하여 조기에 처리한 결과 처리구가 무처리구보다 명도(L값)와 황색도(b)값이 높게 나타났고, 양파껍질추출물은 조기로부터 추출한 지방에 대하여 대조구와 비교하여 낮은 산가를 보여주었다.

Keywords

References

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