Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Water Quality Improvement with the Application of Filter-feeding Bivalve (Corbicula leana Prime) in a Eutrophic Lake

참재첩을 이용한 부영양호의 수질개선

  • Kim, Ho-Sub (Watershed Management Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research Complex) ;
  • Park, Jung-Hwan (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Kong, Dong-Soo (Watershed Management Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research Complex) ;
  • Hwang, Soon-Jin (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
  • 김호섭 (국립환경연구원 수질오염총량과) ;
  • 박정환 (건국대학교 환경과학과) ;
  • 공동수 (국립환경연구원 수질오염총량과) ;
  • 황순진 (건국대학교 환경과학과)
  • Published : 2004.09.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to test a possibility of water quality improvement using a filter-feeding bivalve (Corbicula leana). In mesocosm scale (width ${\times}$ length ${\times}$ depth: 3 m ${\times}$ 3 m ${\times}$ 0.5 m), we investigated the changes of dissolved nutrient and particulate matter including both abiotic and biotic seston. Short term (16 days) mesocosm experiment was conducted in two stages: the first stage for 8 days and consecutive 8 days of the second stage. Both treatment and control mesocosm were switched over by translocating mussels from the treatment mesocosm to the control, at 8th days since the start of the experiment. This design made it possible to compare mussel effect on the water quality change more clearly. The high mortality of mussel was observed in the treatment of the first stage, but it decreased rapidly and stabilized on the 8th day to less than< 4 ind $day^{-1}$. Chl. a concentration in the treatment mesocosm of the first and second stage decreased to 71 and 88% of initial concentration, respectively, and suspended solids decreased to 70 and 77%. At those times, average filtering rate were 0.46 and 0.61 mL AFDW $mg^{-1}$ $hr^{-1}$, respectively. Both $NH_3-N$ and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) concentrations increased with the mussel mortality. $NH_3-N$ concentration was positively correlated with the mussel mortality, while DTP concentration showed negative correlation with it. After translocating mussel from the treatment to the control, $NH_3-N$ concentration significantly increased compared with that of initial control. Although DTP concentration also increased, there was no significant difference relative to that of initial control. These results suggest that application of this filter-feeding bivalve in a eutrophic reservoir could be a potential tool to improve water quality if mussels could acclimatize successfully in early stage of the introduction.

본 연구에서는 여과섭식성 이매패류인 참재첩(Corbicula leana)의 섭식에 따른 수체내 영양염 및 입자성 물질의 변화를 mesocosm (width ${\times}$ length ${\times}$ depth: 3 m ${\times}$ 3 m ${\times}$ 0.5 m)에서 분석함으로써 수질개선기법으로의 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 짧은 기간 동안의 mesocosm실험은 패류의 교체를 통한 연속적인 두 단계로 수행되었다. 첫 번째 단계는 패류 투입 이후 8일 동안이며 패류의 교체 이후의 진행된 8일 동안의 실험은 두 번째 단계로 구분된다. 이러한 연속적인 실험을 통해 조개의 섭식에 따른 수질변화를 좀더 명확하게 비교할 수 있었다. 재첩 투입 직후 높은 패사율을 보였으나 처리구의 교체가 있던 8일의 재첩의 패사율은 4 ind $day^{-1}$ 이하로 안정된 상태를 유지하였다. 엽록소 a 농도는 투입 직후의 수체 내 농도와 비교해 패류의 교체전과 후에 각각 71%, 88% 감소하였고 부유물질은 70%, 77% 감소하였으며, 여과율은 평균 0.46과 0.61 mL AFDW $mg^{-1}$ $hr^{-1}$이였다. 폐사율이 높았던 시기에 수중 내 암모니아성 질소와 용존총인이 증가하였다. 폐사율과 암모니아 농도는 양의 상관성을 보인 반면에 (r = 0.95, P<0.001), 용존총인의 농도는 폐사율과 음의 상관성을 나타냈다 (r = 0.94, P<0.001). 패류의 폐사율이 낮았던 교체 이후에도 암모니아의 농도는 증가하였고 실험 초기 대조구와 비교해 높은 농도를 유지하였다(P= 0.042, ANOVA). 반면에, 용존 총인은 비록 농도가 증가하였으나 초기 대조구와 비교해 큰 차이는 없었다(P= 0.509, ANOVA). 이러한 결과들은 만약 패류가 투입 초기에 새로운 서식지에 성공적으로 정착한다면 부영양 호수의 수질을 효과적으로 개선할 수 있는 방법이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

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