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Isolation and Characteristics of Acetic Acid Bacteria for Persimmon Vinegar Fermentation

감식초 발효용 초산균의 분리 및 특성

  • Park, Mi-Hwa (Division of Applied Life Science, Insititute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Ok (Division of Applied Life Science, Insititute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Ju-Young (Division of Applied Life Science, Insititute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Yu, Seon-Joo (Division of Applied Life Science, Insititute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Ko, Yu-Jin (Division of Applied Life Science, Insititute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Yeong-Hoon (Gyeongsangnam-do Provincial Government Public Health & Environmental Research Institute) ;
  • Ryu, Chung-Ho (Division of Applied Life Science, Insititute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 박미화 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이정옥 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이주영 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 유선주 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 고유진 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 김영훈 (경상남도 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 류충호 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 농업생명과학연구원)
  • Published : 2005.10.01

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate characteristics of acetic acid bacteria for persimmon vinegar fermen-tation. Acetic acid bacteria were isolated from statically fermented vinegar. Microscopically the cells appeared as non-motile and non-flagellated, preferentially occuring in pairs. Isolated strains were able to grow in the presence of acetic acid, ethanol, and glucose. Four of them produced 2-ketogluconic acid but did not produce 5-ketogluconic acid. The four strains isolated from statically fermented vinegar were considered to be grouped into Acetobacter. The strains were inoculated into persimmon juice for persimmon vinegar fermentation. They produced acetic acid in the range of 5.25$\∼$5.68$\%$.

정치발효 중인 식초로부터 분리한 4 초산균주는 모두 단간균으로 flagella가 없으며 쌍을 이루고 있는 것이 관찰되었다. 또한, 3$\%$ acetic acid를 함유한 배지에서 매우 잘 자랐으나 4$\%$ acetic acid를 함유한 배지에서는 JS 21 균주를 제외한 3균주만이 생육이 활발하였다. 그리고 2, 4, 6, 8$\%$ 모든 ethanol 농도에서 4균주 모두 생육이 활발하였다. 분리 균주는 tannin 농도가 증가함에 따라 균주의 생육 유도기가 길어지는 것을 알 수 있었으며 tannin 농도 500 ppm 이상 첨가한 구에서는 산 생성능이 저해됨을 관찰하였다. 분리한 초산균의 탄소원 이용능과 생화학적 성질들을 Hergey's manual에 나타난 Acetobacter 속과 Gluconobacter 속 균주의 특성과 비교해 보았을 때 본 연구에서 분리한 균주들이 Acetobacter 속으로 추정된다. 분리한 4균주를 이 용하여 감식초 사입액에서 6일간 정치 배양하였을 때 5.25$\∼$5.68$\%$의 초산 생성능을 보였으며 배양 2$\∼$5일된 종균을 사용할 경우 배양기간이 길었던 노쇠한 균을 사용할수록 접종후 최 대 산도에 도달하기까지의 기간 즉, 유도기가 증가하였다. 배양 2일된 종균은 1일, 배양 3, 4일된 종균은 3일, 배양 5일된 종균은 4일 정치발효 후에 최대 산도에 도달하였으나, 배양 6일된 종균을 사용할 경우 발효 7일 이후에도 산도 증가가 전혀 관찰되지 않았다. 이러한 결과들로 미루어 보아 종균 배양기간은 2$\∼$3일이 가장 좋을 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서 분리한 tannin 내성 초산균을 육종하여 배양특성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대하며 감식초의 초산농도를 5$\%$ 이상으로 향상시킬 수 있는 종균 확보가 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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