Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering

The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers (한국화학공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Free Ammonia and Dissolved Oxygen on Nitrification and Nitrite Accumulation in a Biofilm Airlift Reactor

  • Kim, Dong-Jin (Department of Environmental System Engineering, Hallym University) ;
  • Ahn, Dae-Hee (Department of Environment and Bioengineering, Myungji University) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Ig (Department of Environmental System Engineering, Hallym University)
  • Published : 2005.01.31
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to find out the effects of free ammonia concentration and dissolved oxygen on nitrification and nitrite accumulation in a biofilm airlift reactor. Free ammonia seriously inhibited the activity of nitrite oxidizers at the concentration higher than 0.1 mg NH$_3$-N/L and it was very effective for nitrite accumulation. Dissolved oxygen limitation in the biofilrn also caused nitrite accumulation. Long term inhibition decreased the growth rate for nitrite oxidizers, and ammonia oxidizers were the dominant nitrifiers in the wastewater nitrification. Selective accumulation of ammonia oxidizers in the biofilm could be another reason for nitrite accumulation. Free ammonia inhibited nitrite oxidizers immediately, and adaptation to free ammonia was not observed. Therefore, the optimum control of free ammonia and dissolved oxygen concentration is critical for nitrite accumulation and the strategy can be used for selective accumulation of ammonia oxidizers in a bioreactor system.

Keywords

References

  1. Abelling, U. and Seyfued, C. E., 'Anaerobic-Aerobic Treatment of High Strength Ammonium Wastewater Nitrogen Removal Using Nitrite,' Wat. Sci. Tech., 26, 1007 (1992)
  2. Anthonisen, A. C., Loehr, R. C., Prakasam, T. B. S. and Srinath, E. G., 'Inhibition of Nitrification by Ammonia and Nitric Acid,' J. WPCF, 48, 835 (1976)
  3. Antoniou, P., Hamilton, J., Koopman, B., Jain, R., Holloway, B., Lyberatos, G. and Svorono, S. A., 'Effect of Temperature and pH on the Effective Maximwn Specific Growth Rate of Nitrifying Bacteria,' Wat. Res., 24, 97 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(90)90070-M
  4. APHA (American Public Health Association), Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th ed, Washington DC (1992)
  5. Beccari, M., Marani, D. and Ramadori, R., 'A Critical Analysis of Nitrification Alternatives,' Wat. Res., 13, 185 (1979) https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(79)90091-5
  6. Garrido, J. M., Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M. and Heijnen, J. J., 'Influence of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on Nitrite Accumulation in a Biofilm Airlift Suspension Reactor,' Biotechnol. Bioeng., 53, 168 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19970120)53:2<168::AID-BIT6>3.0.CO;2-M
  7. Goreau, T. J., Kaplan, W. A., Wofsy, S. C., McElroy, M. B., Valois, F. W. and Watson, S. W., 'Production of $NO_2^-$ and $N_2O$ by Nitrifying Bacteria at Reduced Concentrations of Oxygen,' Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 40, 526 (1980)
  8. Hanaki, K., Wantawin, C. and Ohgaki, S., 'Nitrification at Low Levels of DO with and without Organic Loading in a Suspended-Growth Reactor,' Wat. Res., 24, 297 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(90)90004-P
  9. Hellinga, C., Schellen, A. A. J. C, Mulder, J. W., Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M. and Heijnen, J. J., 'The SHARON Process: An Innovative Method for Nitrogen Removal from Ammoniwn-Rich Wastewater,' Wat. Sci. Tech., 37, 135 (1998)
  10. Joo, S. H., Kim, D. J., Yoo, I. K., Park, K. and Cha, G. C., 'Partial Nitrification in an Biological Aerated Filter by Oxygen Limitation,' Biotechnol. Lett., 22, 937 (2000) https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005646632504
  11. Kim, D. J., Chang, J. S., Lee, D. I., Han, D. W., Yoo, I. K and Cha, G. C., 'Nitrification of High Strength Ammonia Wastewater and Nitrite Accumulation Characteristics,' Wat. Sci. Tech., 47(11), 45 (2003)
  12. Kuai, L. and Verstraete, W., 'Ammonium Removal by the Oxygen-Limited Autotrophic Nitrification Denitrification System,' Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 64, 4500 (1998)
  13. Laudelout, H., 'Effect of Temperature on the Velocity of Oxidation of Ammonia to Nitrate in Mixed Nitrifier Culture,' Ann. Microbiol., 125(B), 75 (1974)
  14. Loveless, J. E. and Painter, H. A., 'The Influence of Metal Ion Concentration and pH Value on the Growth of a Nitrosomonas Strain Isolated from Activated Sludge,' J. Gen. Microbiol., 53(1), 1(1968) https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-53-1-1
  15. Nam, H., Lee, T., Park, S. and Park, T., 'The Characteristics of Microbial Ecosystem Response with the Changes of Hydrolic Retention The on an Aerobic Fixed-Biofilm Biological Nutrient Removal System,' Korean J. Chem. Eng., 21, 635 (2004) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02705498
  16. Nogueira, R., Melo, L. F., Purkhold, U., Wuertz, S. and Wagner, M., 'Nitrifying and Heterotrophic Population Dynamics in Biofilm Reactors: Effects of Hydraulic Retention The and the Presence of Organic Carbon,' Wat. Res., 36, 469 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00229-9
  17. Peeters, T. L., Van Goal, A. D. and Laudelout, H., 'Kinetic Study of Oxygen Limited Respiration in Nitrifying Bacteria,' Bact. Proc., 58, 141 (1969)
  18. Picioreanu, C,. Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M. and Heijnen, J. J., 'Modelling the Effect of Oxygen Concentration on Nitrite Accumulation in a Biofilm Airlift Suspension Reactor,' Wat. Sci. Tech., 36(1), 147 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(97)00347-8
  19. Randall, C. W. and Buth, D., 'Nitrite Build-up in Activated Sludge Resulting from Combined Temperature and Toxicity Effects,' J. WPCF, 56, 1045 (1984)
  20. Turk, O. and Mavinic, D. S., 'Stability of Nitrite Build-up in an Activated Sludge System,' J. WPCF, 61, 1440 (1989a)
  21. Turk, O. and Mavinic, D. S., 'Maintaining Nitrite Build-up in a System Acclimated to Free Ammonia,' Wat. Res., 23,1383 (1989b) https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(89)90077-8
  22. Villaverde, S., Garcia-Encina, P. A. and Fdz-Polanco, E, 'Influence of pH over Nitrifying Biofilm Activity in Submerged Biofilters,' Wat. Res., 31, 1180 (1997) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00376-4
  23. Vogelsang, C., Schramm, A., Picioreanu, C., Van Loosdrecht, M. C. M. and Ostgaard, K., 'Microbial Community Analysis by FISH for Mathematical Modelling of Selective Enrichment of Gel-Entrapped Nitrifiers Obtained from Domestic Wastewater,' Hydrobiologia, 469, 165 (2002) https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015598704990
  24. Wiesmann, U., 'Biological Nitrogen Removal from Wastewater,' Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotech., 51, 692 (1994)
  25. Wolfe, R. L., Lieu, N. I., Izaguirre, G. and Means, E. G., 'Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria in Chloraminated Distribution System: Seasonal Occurrence, Distribution, and Disinfection Resistance,' Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 56, 451 (1990)
  26. Yoo, H., Ahn, K., Lee, H., Lee, K., Kwak, Y. and Song, K., 'Nitrogen Removal from Synthetic Wastewater by Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification (SND) via Nitrite in an Intermittently-Aerated Reactor,' Wat. Res., 33,145 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00159-6
  27. Yoon, H. J., 'A Study of the Nitrogen Removal Characteristics via Nitrite Accumulation of Biofilm Reactor System,' M. S. Thesis, Hallym Univ., Chuncheon (2002)