References
- Masuda J, Nabika T, Notsu Y. Silent stroke: pathogenesis, genetic factors and clinical implications as a risk factor. Curr Opin Neurol 2001,14:77-82 https://doi.org/10.1097/00019052-200102000-00012
- Fisher CM. Lacunes: small, deep cerebral infarcts. Neurology 1965;15:774-784 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.15.8.774
- Vermeer SE, Prins ND, den Heijer T, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Breteler MM. Silent brain infarcts and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. N Engl J Med 2003;348:1215-1222 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022066
- Longstreth WT Jr, Dulberg C, Manolio TA, Lewis MR, Beauchamp NJ Jr, O..Leary D, et al. Incidence, manifestations, and predictors of brain infarcts defined by serial cranial magnetic resonance imaging in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Stroke 2002;33:2376-2382 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000032241.58727.49
- Price TR, Manolio TA, Kronmal RA, Kittner SJ, Yue NC, Robbins J, et al. Silent brain infarction on magnetic resonance imaging and neurological abnormalities in community-dwelling older adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study. CHS Collaborative Research Group. Stroke 1997;28:1158-1164 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.28.6.1158
- Yoon SK, Bang CO, Sung KB, Park HK, Shin HK. Silent brain infarcts in first-ever ischemic stroke patients: MRI findings and stroke risk factors. J Korean Neurol Assoc 1996;14:42-45
- Uehara T, Tabuchi M, Mori E. Risk factors for silent cerebral infarcts in subcortical white matter and basal ganglia. Stroke 1999;30:378-382 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.30.2.378
- Lee SC, Park SJ, Ki HK, Gwon HC, Chung CS, Byun HS, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of silent cerebral infarction in apparently normal adults. Hypertension 2000;36:73-77 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.36.1.73-a
- Bernick C, Kuller L, Dulberg C, Longstreth WT Jr, Manolio T, Beauchamp N, et al. Silent MRI infarcts and the risk of future stroke: the cardiovascular health study. Neurology 2001;57:1222- 1229
- Vermeer SE, Koudstaal PJ, Oudkerk M, Hofman A, Breteler MM. Prevalence and risk factors of silent brain infarcts in the population-based Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke 2002;33:21-25 https://doi.org/10.1161/hs0102.101629
- Vermeer SE, den Heijer T, Koudstaal PJ, Oudkerk M, Hofman A, Breteler MM. Incidence and risk factors of silent brain infarcts in the population-based Rotterdam Scan Study. Stroke 2003;34;392- 396 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000052631.98405.15
- Shintani S, Shiigai T, Arinami T. Silent lacunar infarction on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): risk factors. J Neurol Sci 1998;160:82-86 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-510X(98)00182-8
- Eguchi K, Kario K, Shimada K. Greater impact of coexistence of hypertension and diabetes on silent cerebral infarcts. Stroke 2003;34:2472-2474
- Howard G, Wagenknecht LE, Cai J, Cooper L, Kraut MA, Toole JF. Cigarette smoking and other risk factors for silent cerebral infarction in the general population. Stroke 1998;29:913-917 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.29.5.913
- Liao D, Higgins M, Brayan NR, Eigenbrodt ML, Chambless LE, Lamar V, et al. Lower pulmonary function and cerebral subclinical abnormalities detected by MRI - the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Chest 1999;116:150-156 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.116.1.150
- Engstrom G, Hedblad B, Nilsson P, Wollmer P, Berglund G, Janzon L. Lung function, insulin resistance and incidence of cardiovascular disease: a longitudinal cohort study. J Intern Med 2003;253:574-581 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2796.2003.01138.x
- Kinney TR, Sleeper LA, Wang WC, Zimmerman RA, Pegelow CH, Ohene-Frempong K, et al. Silent cerebral infarcts in sickle cell anemia: a risk factor analysis. The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease. Pediatrics 1999;103:640-645 https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.103.3.640
- Vermeer SE, van Dijk EJ, Koudstaal PJ, Oudkerk M, Hofman A, Clarke R, et al. Homocysteine, silent brain infarcts, and white matter lesions: The Rotterdam Scan Study. Ann Neurol 2002;51: 285-289 https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.10111
- Choi BO, Kim YS, Kim OJ, Seo JH, Kim NK. Hyperhomocysteinemia as an Independent risk factor for silent brain infarction; inverse correlation with folate in patients with MTHFR 677TT genotype. J Korean Neurol Assoc 2003;21:134-140
- Elbaz A, Amarenco P. Genetic susceptibility and ischaemic Stroke. Curr Opin Neurol 1999;12:47-55 https://doi.org/10.1097/00019052-199902000-00009
- Kohara K, Fujisawa M, Ando F, Tabara Y, Niino N, Miki T et al. MTHFR gene polymorphism as a risk factor for silent brain infarcts and white matter lesions in the Japanese general population; The NILS-LSA Study. Stroke 2003;34:1130-1135 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000069163.02611.B0
- Matsui T, Arai H, Yuzuriha T, Yao H, Miura M, Hashimoto S, et al. Elevated plasma homocysteine levels and risk of silent brain infarction in elderly people. Stroke 2001;32:1116-1119 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.32.5.1116
- Giele JL, Witkamp TD, Mali WP, van der Graaf Y; SMART Study Group. Silent Brain Infarction in patients with manifest vascular disease. Stroke 2004;35:742-746 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000117572.56058.2A