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Various Cultural Factors Associated with Disease Development of Garlic White Rot Caused by Two Species of Sclerotium

마늘 흑색썩음균핵병 발생에 관여하는 여러가지 경종적 요인

  • Kim, Yong-Ki (Plant Pathology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science of Technology) ;
  • Kwon, Mi-Kyung (Plant Pathology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science of Technology) ;
  • Shim, Hong-Sik (Plant Pathology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science of Technology) ;
  • Kim, Tack-Soo (Plant Pathology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science of Technology) ;
  • Yeh, Wan-Hae (Plant Pathology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science of Technology) ;
  • Cho, Weon-Dae (Plant Pathology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science of Technology) ;
  • Choi, In-Hu (Mokpo Experomental Station, National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Lee, Seong-Chan (Subtropical Environmental Division, National Institute of Subtropical Agriculture) ;
  • Ko, Sug-Ju (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Lee, Yong-Hwan (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service) ;
  • Lee, Chan-Jung (Onion Research institute, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • 김용기 (농업과학기술원 농업생물부 식물병리과) ;
  • 권미경 (농업과학기술원 농업생물부 식물병리과) ;
  • 심홍식 (농업과학기술원 농업생물부 식물병리과) ;
  • 김택수 (농업과학기술원 농업생물부 식물병리과) ;
  • 예완해 (농업과학기술원 농업생물부 식물병리과) ;
  • 조원대 (농업과학기술원 농업생물부 식물병리과) ;
  • 최인후 (작물과학원 목포시험장) ;
  • 이성찬 (난지농업연구소 난지환경과) ;
  • 고숙주 (전라남도농업기술원 식물환경과) ;
  • 이용환 (전라남도농업기술원 식물환경과) ;
  • 이찬중 (경상남도농업기술원 양파연구소)
  • Published : 2005.06.01

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the control possibility of garlic white rot causing severe yield losses of Allium species and cultivars using cultural practices such as optimal sowing date and burial depth, and lime application. Inoculum density in infested field soil was investigated at different soil depth, and that on the diseased plant debris was done. Inoculum density and recovery ratio of white rot pathogen of garlic was highly different between two species of Sclerotium cepivorum forming comparatively small sclerotia and Sclerotium sp. forming comparatively large ones. It was confirmed that S. cepivorum formed more sclerotia on bulbs of garlic than S. sp., and sclerotial recovery of S. cepivorum was higher than that of S. sp. Inoculum density of white rot pathogen in the infested field at garlic seeding period ranged from one to thirteen sclerotia per 30 g soil. Inoculum density of white rot pathogen decreased remarkably with increasing soil depth and above 95% of sclerotia were distributed within 5 cm of soil depth. Disease severity of white rot was higher on slightly planted garlics than deeply-planted ones. Garlic seed bulbs infected by white rot pathogens were confirmed to be one of main inoculum sources of white rot in the field and the disease incidences caused by garlic seed transmission showed big differences among garlic varieties. When nine garlic varieties harvested from infested plots were sown in the field, highly susceptible varieties, ‘Wando’, ‘Daeseo’, ‘Namdo’ and ‘Kodang’ showed high disease incidences, whereas other five varieties were not infected at all. It was confirmed that white rot occurred higher on early-sown garlics, before middle October, than on late-sown ones, after late October. Meanwhile, increasing application rate of lime ranged from 100 to 300 g reduced disease severity of white rot.

이 연구에서는 파속패소에 발생하여 큰피해를 주는 흑색썩음균핵병에 대하여 경종적 방법에 의한 방제가능성을 모색하기 위하여 병든 마늘상의 병원균(균핵)의 밀도와 이병포장에서 토심별로 병원균의 밀도를 조사하였고, 파종깊이, 파종시기, 석회시용 등 경종적 요인이 병 발생에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 마늘 수확기에 토양 중 병원균의 밀도 및 분햐정도는 병원균의 종류에 따라 차이를 보였는데 소균핵균 Sclerotium cepivorum이 대균핵균 Scletotium sp.에 비해 형성 균핵수도 많고 덜 분해되었다. 마늘 재배포장에서의 병원균의 밀도는 토양 30g당 1~13개 수준에었고 토심이 깊어질수록 병원균의 밀도가 편저히 감소되는 것으로 나타났으며, 병원균은 토심 5cm 이내에 95% 이상 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 마늘 재식깊이를 달리하여 파종했을 때 병 발생정돈느 재식깊이를 깊게 할수록 병 발생이 적었다. 국내에서 주로 재배되고 있는 마늘의 품종별 종구전염정도에 있어서는 한지형 마늘에 비하여 난지형 마늘에서 훨씬 높았는데, 난지형 마늘 중에서는 완도종에서 가장 높았고, 이어 대서종, 고당종, 남도종 순이었으며 고흥종에서는 종구전염이 확인되지 않았다. 마늘파종시기를 달리하여 종구를 파종한 결과, 10월 중순이전에 일찍 파종한 처리에서 10월말 이후에 늦게 파종한 처리에 비하여 병 발생이 낮았다. 한편 석회를 토양 kg당 100, 200, 300g 수준으로 시용할 경우 석회 시용량에 비례하여 병 발생이 감소되는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

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