Abstract
The soil properties of the royal tombs (managed by cultural properties administration) located in Seoul and suburban Gyonggi area were investigated to see the influence of the change in soil environment on the royal tomb s이I. To compare the soil chemical properties of four royal tombs soil of Changdeokgung, Jongmyo, Seooneung, and Dongguneung, pH, organic content, available phosphate, extractable calcium, extractable potassium, extractable magnesium, cation exchange capacity, degree of base saturation, and total nitrogen content were measured. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Cu measured as the degree of heavy metal contamination can be an indication of atmospheric pollution in the soil environment. To estimate the degree of soil compaction, soil hardness, pore space, porosity, bulk density, and soil atmosphere were analyzed. Through these studies, following conclusions were made: 1. The soil hardness and pore space which can be used as indexes of soil compaction, were worse in the soil of Seooneung than in those of Changdeokgung and Dongguneury. These phenomena seem to be the result of increase in visitors in Seooneung and Dongguneung better and soil management in Changdeokgung and Dongguneung. When three different regions of forest area, prohibited area, and soil compaction area in Seooneung soil were compared, the degree of compaction in the forest area was less than compaction area, indicating the need for the employment of soil resting period in the compaction area. 2. The pH measurements of all four royal tombs soil were higher in top soil than sub soil. The higher soil pH values in Jongmyo and Seooneung seem to result from the application of soil conditioner. In the case of Seooneung, the values for soil pH and organic content were higher in the forest area than those in compaction area. It is thought that active soil management was employed in the forest area through application of organic matters and soil conditioners. 3. The heavy metal contents from soil of Changdeokgung and Jongmyo were higher than that from soil of Dongguneung. Since Changdeokgung and Jongmyo are located inside Seoul, it is thought that the high level of heavy metal concentrations in these royal tomb soil is the result of accumulation of pollutants from the city.
서울 및 경기지역의 문화재청 관할(창덕궁, 종묘, 서오릉, 동구릉) 왕릉지역에 대한 토양조사를 실시하여 산림환경변 화가 토양 이화학성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 창덕궁, 종묘, 서오릉, 동구릉의 4개 왕릉 지역의 토양화학성을 비교하기 위하여 pH, 유기물, 유효인산, 치환성 칼슘, 칼륨, 마그네슘, 양이온치환용량, 염기포화도, 전질소를 분석하였고 토양 내 오염도를 측정하기 위해 토양 내 중금속(Cd, Ph, Cu) 함량을 분석하였다. 또한 토양의 답압정도를 평가하기 위하여 토양경도, 통기성, 공극율, 기상율, 가비중을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 토양의 답압정도를 나타내는 지표인 토양경도와 통기성은 종묘와 서오릉지역이 창덕궁과 동구릉지역보다 불량하였으며 이는 출입하는 내방객의 증가와 지속적인 토양관리의 차이로 나타나는 현상으로 사료된다. 특히 서오릉지역의 토양경도와 통기성을 산림지역, 출입통제지역, 답압지역으로 구분하여 조사한 결과 산림지역이 답압지역보다 양호한 것으로 나타나 지속적인 토양관리를 위한 안식년제를 도입할 필요성이 제기 되었다. 2) 4개지역의 토양 pH는 표토가 심토보다 높게 나타났으며, 종묘와 서오릉지역의 토양 pH가 창덕궁 및 동구릉지역 보다 높게 나타난 것은 시비에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 서오릉의 산림지역의 경우 토양 pH와 유기물 함량이 답압지역보다 높게 나타나 시비 등 토양관리가 식물생육환경으로서의 토양개선에 효과적임을 반영하였다. 3) 4개지역의 토양 내 중금속함량은 서오릉 및 동구릉지역에 비해 창덕궁 및 종묘지역에서 높게 나타나 서울 도심권에 위치할수록 대기로부터 유입된 중금속류의 축적이 많음을 시사하였다.
