Korea journal of population studies (한국인구학)

The Population Association of Korea (한국인구학회)
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Social Support for Grandparent-headed Families and Its Effects on Grandparent Caregivers' Physical and Mental Health

조손가족에 대한 사회적 지지 실태와 조부모의 신체적 건강과 정신건강에 미치는 영향

  • 최해경 (충남대학교 사회복지학과)
  • Published : 2006.08.25
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Abstract

This study examined the level of social support for grandparent-headed families and its effects on the grandparents' physical and mental health. For this purpose, the survey data was collected from 141 grandparents raising their grandchildren in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The study generated several findings. First, grandparent-headed families tended to rely on formal support system rather than informal one. Second, grandparent's physical health was found to be very poor that 82.3% of the grandparents reportedly needed some assistance in at least one ADL, and their mean score of depression measured by CES-D was 27.4, indicating a moderate level of psychological distress. Third, among the sociodemographic and stressor variables, grandparents' sex, the number of their children and household keeping burden were statistically significant predictors of their ADL restriction. As for depression level of the grandparents, their monthly income, parenting duration, the number of their children, economic difficulties, household keeping burden and social restrictions were found to be statistically significant. Fourth, grandparents who reported of having more social support from their friends, a higher level of satisfaction of the friends' social support and also of being satisfied with social support from their religious associations tended to experience significantly less ADL restrictions. The more kinds of social support received from friends and social welfare agencies and the less satisfied they were with social support from governmental sector, the higher their depression level was. Implications for social welfare services and programs for grandparent-headed families were discussed.

본 연구의 목적은 조손가족의 사회적 지지 실태와 사회적 지지가 조부모외 신체 및 정신건강에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 규명하는데 있다. 미성년 손자녀를 양육하고 있는 대전지역 조손가족 조부모 141명이 연구대상이었다. 분석결과 조손가족은 주로 공적 지지망에 의지하고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 응답자 중 82.3%가 한 가지 활동 이상에 제약이 있을 정도로 조부모의 신체건강이 문제가 있었으며, CES-D로 측정된 우울정도는 평균 27.4로 중등도외 심리적 고통을 느끼는 심각한 수준으로 나타났다. 인구사회학적 특성과 스트레스 요인 중 조부모외 성별, 자녀수, 가사일 부담이 신체적 건강상태를 나타내는 일상활동제약의 유의미한 예측변인이었고 월평균소득, 손자녀 양육기간, 자녀수, 경제적 곤란, 가사일 부담, 사회적 제약이 조부모의 정신건강을 나타내는 우울 정도의 유의미한 예측변인이었다. 사회적 지지와 관련해서는 친구 혹은 이웃으로부터의 지원에 대해 양적으로 충분하다고 여길수록, 친구 혹은 이웃으로부터의 지원에 대해 만족할수록, 종교단체로부터의 지원에 대해 만족할수록 일상활동 제약이 유의미하게 덜 한 것으로 나타났고, 친구 혹은 이웃으로부터의 받는 지원유형수가 많을수록, 사회복지기관으로부터 받는 지원유형수가 많을수록 우울정도가 유의미하게 높았으며, 정부로부터의 지원에 대해 만족할수록 우울정도가 유의미하게 낮은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 연구결과를 토대로 조손가족을 대상으로 하는 정책적, 실천적 함의가 제시되었다.

Keywords

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