Micropropagation of Hypericum erectum Thunberg by using Thidiazuron

  • Published : 2006.10.01

Abstract

The effect of plant growth regulators was investigated on in vitro shoot proliferation from axillary bud explants of Hypericum erectum. To determine the optimal cytokinin for proliferation of axillay buds, we carried out screening four cytokinins (BA, kinetin, 2iP, TDZ). When nodal segments were cultured on MS medium supplemented with $4.5\;{\mu}M$ TDZ (thidiazuron), a number of shoots were induced. Our results indicated that the addition of TDZ to culture medium resulted in the induction of significantly more axillary buds than in the addition of other cytokinins. The optimal concentration of TDZ for proliferation of axillary buds was $10\;{\mu}M$. 92% of shoots spontaneously rooted without any plant growth regulator (PGR) and formed whole plantlets within one month. More than 95% of these regenerants survived and they did not show any detectable variation in morphology or growth characteristics compared to their donor plants.

Keywords

References

  1. Alan L, Miller ND (1998) St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum): Clinical effects on depression and other conditions. Alter Med Rev 3:18-26
  2. Chalupa V (1988) Large scale micropropagation of Quercus robur L. using adenine-type cytokinins and thidiazuron to stimulate shoot proliferation. Bio Plant 30:414-421 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02890509
  3. Chand H, Pearson MN, Lovell PH (1999) Rapid vegetative multiplication in Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott (taro). Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 55:223-226 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017156112466
  4. Fasolo F, Zimmerman RH, Fordham I (1989) Adventitious shoot formation on excised leaves of in vitro grown shoots of apple cultivars. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 16:75-87 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00036516
  5. Hatano K, Kamura K, Shoyama Y, Nishioka I (1988) Clonal multiplication of Aconitum carmichaeli by tip tissue culture and alkaloid contents of clonally propagated plant. Planta Med 54:152-155 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-962375
  6. Hatano K, Shoyama Y, Nishioka I (1990) Clonal propagation of Atractylodes japonica by tip tissue culture and atractylon content of clonally propagated plant. Planta Med 56: 131-132 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960909
  7. Huetteman CA, Preece JE (1993) Thidiazuron: A potent cytokinin for woody plant tissue culture. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 33:105-119 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01983223
  8. Kim BK, Yi YS, Ahn JH (2002) Micropropagation of Kalopanax pictus($T_{HUNB}$) $N_{AKAI}$ by bud culture. Kor J Medicinal Crop Sci 10:249-252
  9. Kim MK, Sommer HE, Bongarten BC, Merkel SA (1997) High-frequency induction of adventitious shoot from hypocotyls segments of Liquidambar styraciflua L. by thidiazuron. Plant Cell Rep 16:536-540
  10. Kim SH, Jung YJ, Ahn JC, Hwang B (2005) Hypericin contents of Hypericum erectum Thunberg. Kor J Medicinal Crop Sci 13:101-104
  11. Lu CY (1993) The use of thidiazuron in tissue culture. In vitro Cell Dev Biol 29:92-96 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02632259
  12. Mork MC, Mork DWS, Turner JE, Mujer CV (1987) Biological and biochemical effects of cytokinin-active phenylurea derivatives in tissue culture system. HortScience 22:1194-1197
  13. Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue. Physiol Plant 15:473-497 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
  14. Murch SJ, Choffe KL, Victor JMR, Slimmon TY, KrishnaRaj S, Saxena PK (2000) Thidiazuron-induced plant regeneration from hypocotyls cultures of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum. Cv 'Anthos'). Plant Cell Rep 19:576-581 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002990050776
  15. Schempp CM, Krikin V, Simon-Haarhaus G, Kersten A, Kiss J, Termeer CC, Gilb B, Kaufmann T, Borner C, Sleeman JP, Simon JC (2002) Inhibition of tumour cell growth by hypericin, novel anticancer drug from St. John's wort that acts by induction of apoptosis. Oncogene 21:1242-1250 https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1205190
  16. Van Nieuwkerk JP, Zimmerman RH, Fordham I (1986) Thidiazuron stimulation of apple shoot proliferation in vitro. HortScience 21 :516-518
  17. Yamada Y, Shoyama Y, Nishioka I, Kohda H, Namera A, Okamoto T (1991) Clonal micropropagation of Gentiana scabra Bunge var. buergeri Maxim. and examination of the homogeneity concerning the gentiopicroside content. Chem Pharm Bull 39:204-206 https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.39.204
  18. Yusnita S, Geneve RL, Kester ST (1990) Micropropagation of white flowering eastern redbud (Cercis Canadensis var 'alba' L.). J Environ Hortic 8:177-179