Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment (한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경)

Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment (한국지하수토양환경학회)
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Trace Metal Contamination and Solid Phase Partitioning of Metals in National Roadside Sediments Within the Watershed of Hoidong Reservoir in Pusan City

부산시 회동저수지 집수분지 내 국도도로변 퇴적물의 미량원소 오염 및 존재형태

  • Lee Pyeong-Koo (Department of Geological and Environmental Hazards, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kang Min-Joo (Department of Geological and Environmental Hazards, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Youm Seung-Jun (Department of Geological and Environmental Hazards, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Lee In-Gyeong (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Park Sung-Won (Department of Geological and Environmental Hazards, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Lee Wook-Jong (Department of Geological and Environmental Hazards, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • 이평구 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부) ;
  • 강민주 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부) ;
  • 염승준 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부) ;
  • 이인경 (충북대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 박성원 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부) ;
  • 이욱종 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부)
  • Published : 2006.10.31
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Abstract

This study was undertaken to assess the anthropogenic impact on trace metal concentrations (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Cd) of roadside sediments (N = 70) from No.7 national road within the watershed of Hoidong Reservoir in Pusan City and to estimate the potential mobility of selected metals using sequential extraction. We generally found high concentrations of metals, especially Zn, Cu and Pb, affected by anthropogenic inputs. Compared to the trace metal concentrations of uncontaminated stream sediments, arithmetic mean concentrations of roadside sediments were about 7 times higher for Cu, 4 times higher for Zn, 3 times higher for Pb and Cr and, 2 times higher for Ni and As. Speciation data on the basis of sequential extraction indicate that most of the trace metals considered do not occur in significant quantities in the exchangeable fraction, except for Cd and Ni whose exchangeable fractions are appreciable (average 29.3 and 25.8%, respectively). Other metals such as Zn (51.4%) and Pb (45.2%) are preferentially bound to the reducible fraction, and therefore they can be potentially released by a pH decrease and/or redox change. Copper is mainly found in the organic fraction, while Cd is highest in the exchangeable fraction, and Cr and Ni in the residual fraction. Considering the proportion of metals bound to the exchangeable and carbonate fractions, the comparative mobility of metals probably decreases in the order of Cd>Ni>Pb>Zn>Cr>Cu. Although the total concentration data showed that Zn was typically present in potentially harmful concentration levels, the data on metal partitioning indicated that Cd, Ni and Pb pose the highest potential hazard for runoff water. As potential changes of redox state and pH may remobilize the metals bound to carbonates, amorphous oxides, and/or organic matter, and may release and flush them through drain networks into the watershed of Hoidong Reservoir, careful monitoring of environmental conditions appears to be very important.

이 연구는 부산시 회동저수지의 집수분지 내 7번국도 도로변 퇴적물(70개 시료 미량원소(아연, 구리, 납, 크롬, 니켈 및 카드뮴) 함량에 미치는 인위적인 오염 및 연속추출방법을 이용하여 미량원소의 잠재적인 이동도를 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이번 연구에서는 특히 아연, 구리 및 납의 함량이 높은 것으로 밝혀졌으며, 이들 원소가 인위적인 오염에 의해 영향을 받고 있음을 보여주고 있다. 오염되지 않은 회동저수지 집수유역 내 하천퇴적물의 미량원소 평균함량과 비교하면, 집수유역 내 국도 도로변 퇴적물은 구리가 7배, 아연이 4배, 납과 크롬이 3배, 비소와 니켈이 2배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연속추출방법에 의한 존재형태 연구결과는 각각 전체 함량의 29.3%와 25.8%가 이온교환형으로 존재하는 카드뮴과 니켈을 제외하면 대부분의 미량원소는 이온교환형태로 존재하는 양이 크게 않음을 지시 하였다. 아연(51%)과 납(45.2%)과 같은 금속은 주로 비정질산화광물과 수반된 형태이었으며, 따라서 pH가 감소하거나 산화환원전위의 변화에 의해 잠재적으로 용해될 수 있다. 구리는 주로 유기물형태로 존재하는 것으로 나타났으며, 카드뮴은 양이온교환형태가 가장 우세하였고 크롬과 니켈은 잔류형태가 우세하였다. 양이온교환형태와 탄산염광물과 수반된 형태의 금속함량 비율을 고려하면, 금속의 상대적인 이동도는 Cd>Ni>Pb>Zn>Cr>Cu의 순서로 감소한다. 총 함량자료로 볼 때 아연 함량이 높아 가장 해로운 원소일 것으로 보일지라도, 금속의 존재형태에 관한 자료는 도로 유출수에 가장 유해한 미량원소는 카드뮴, 니켈 및 납일 것으로 예측되었다. 산화환원전위 및 pH가 변화한다면 탄산염광물, 비정질산화광물 혹은 유기물 등의 형태로 수반된 금속은 재이동할 수 있을 것이며, 용해된 금속이온은 회동저수지 집수분지 내 수계로 유입될 수 있으므로 환경적인 현황에 대한 정밀한 모니터링이 매우 중요한 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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