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A Study on Correlations between Dietary Nutrients and Body Composition of College Students

남녀 대학생의 영양소 섭취 상태와 체성분 조성의 상관관계

  • Chung, Hee-Chung (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Inha University) ;
  • Chang, Kyung-Ja (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Inha University)
  • 정희정 (인하대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과) ;
  • 장경자 (인하대학교 생활과학대학 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 2006.12.29

Abstract

A survey was conducted for 221 male and 191 female college students to study correlations between dietary food intakes and body composition. Among the subjects 75 male and 82 female students were analyzed body protein mass, body mineral mass, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI) and fitness score using Inbody 3.0. The results show that 94.6% of the males and 24.7% of the females were observed at high level in body protein mass. As for body mineral mass, 86.4% of the males were observed below the normal range. As for WHR, 32.1% of the males and 43.5% of the females were evaluated as abdominal obesity. As for BMI, 34.8% of the males were observed above the normal range. In female students, correlation coefficient between sodium intakes and age showed significantly negative 0.232 while correlation between calcium intakes and self-reported health status showed significantly positive 0.234. In males, correlation coefficient between fiber intakes and self-reported health status resulted in significantly positive 0.237 and that between BMI and age showed significantly positive 0.276. In females, correlation coefficient between type of living and WHR showed significantly positive 0.253 and that between self-reported health status and percent body fat showed significantly positive 0.230. Also correlation coefficient between body protein mass and sodium intakes showed significantly negative 0.276 in female students.

영양소 섭취와 체성분 조성의 관계를 파악하기 위하여 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 식이섭취 설문조사와 신체계측 및 체성분 조성을 측정하여 비교분석하였다. 조사대상자 중 남대생의 73.3%는 $23\sim26$세이었고, 여대생의 82.7%는 22세 이하를 나타내었다. 거주의 형태는 전체 학생들 중에서 혼자 사는 비율이 26.5%에 비해 73.5%의 학생들은 가족이나 친척 또는 기숙이나 하숙의 형태로 지내고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 스스로 판단하는 건강상태에서 전 대상자 중 91.8%가 건강정도를 보통이상으로 생각하였고, 76.7%의 학생들이 건강 보조제에 의존하지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 전체의 73.3%가 시간제 일을 하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 1일 평균 에너지는 남대생이 2,516 kcal(97%), 여대생이 1,878 kcal(89%)이었고, 탄수화물의 섭취량은 남녀 각각 104 g(18%)과 75g(16%)이었고, 지방의 섭취량은 남학생이 90.8 g(34%), 여학생이 62.2 g(30%)이었으며, 단백질섭취량은 남대생이 287.7 g(48%), 여대생이 251.8 g(54%)이었다 섬유소섭취량은 남대생이 6.44g(21%), 여대생이 5.65 g(24%)을 섭취하였고, 칼슘섭취량은 남대생이 583.9 mg(83%), 여대생이 541.7 mg(77%)이었으며, 나트륨은 남대생이 4.73 g(315%), 여대생이 4.02 g(268%)을 섭취하였다. 체성분 조성에 대한 결과는 신장에서 남대생은 67.1%가 $168\sim178cm$, 여대생은 55%가 $155\sim165$의 표준범위에 있었고, 체중에서 남대생의 35.7%가 $65.8\sim75.8kg$, 38.5%가 75.9 kg 이상에 분포하였고, 여대생은 72.8%가 $51.3\sim61.3kg$에, 23%가 61.4 kg 이상에 속하였다. 체단백질량은 남대생 94.6%가 12.5 kg 이상이었는데, 여대생은 61.6%가 표준범위 $9.0\sim10.4kg$이었고, 10.5 kg 이상이 24.7%이었으며, 체무기질량은 남대생이 3.49 kg 이하가 86.4%를 나타내었고, 여대생은 74.2%가 $2.15\sim2.4kg$이었다. 허리와 엉덩이 둘레의 비에 대하여 남대생의 66.5%가 $0.75\sim0.85$이었고, 0.86 이상이 32.1%이었으며, 여대생의 56.5%가 $0.7\sim0.8$이었고, 0.81 이상이 43.5%에 분포되었다. BMI에서 남대생은 63.3%가 $18.5\sim25$이었고, 25.1 이상도 34.8%를 나타내었으며, 여대생은 81.7%가 $18.5\sim25$에 9.4%를 나타내었다. 신체발달점수에서 남대생은 68.3%가 $75\sim85$이었고, 86 이상이 25.3%로 나타난 반면, 여대생은 표준범위가 63.6%의 분포를 나타내었다. 여대생의 나트륨 섭취는 연령과 0.082의 유의성을 나타내었고, 남대생의 복부 지방률은 연령과 0.011의 유의적 차이를 나타내었으며, 여대생의 체단백질랑은 나트륨섭취와 -0.276의 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 조사에 의하면 탄수화물:단백질:지방 비율이 $46\sim54:16\sim17:30$ 이상의 수준이었고, 섬유소는 권장량의 20%, 칼슘은 권장량의 $77\sim83%$, 나트륨은 권장량의 $2\sim3$배를 섭취하였는데, 이러한 섭취경향은 체성분에서 특히 남대생 94%가 체단백질량이 표준이상인 반면 남대생 86.4%가 체무기질량이 표준이하를 나타내었으며, 복부지방에서 남녀 30% 이상이 표준이상을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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