DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Korean Ginseng(Panax Ginseng, C. A. Meyer) Extracts on Rat Exposed to Heat Environment

고려인삼 추출물이 고온환경에 노출된 흰쥐에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2006.12.31

Abstract

It was investigated that how the periodic exposure to heat environment, and the treatment of korean white and red ginseng extracts had effects on the weight, diet uptake, blood components, organ weight, and the lipid peroxidation of liver in male S.D. rats. In the result of experiments using rats, chronic heat environment for 7 days at $38^{\circ}C$, 5 hrs per day, induced significant decrease of an average increase rate of body weight, but diet uptake was not affected clearly. In heat environment, the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin were not changed, but the number of white blood cells was significantly increased. The liver weight against body weight was decreased in rats. Also, MDA contents, related to lipid peroxidation, were remarkably increased in rat liver by heat environment. These physiological changes were attenuated by treatments of white and red ginseng extracts before and after exposure to heat environment, particularly in growth rate and lipid peroxidation of liver in rats. Also, red ginseng extracts had a better effect, though it was not that significant, than the white ginseng on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the weight change of liver. Although the investigation on the effective components and the study on the activity changes of associated materials are needed to perform, these present results imply that Korean ginseng may contribute to protection of body homeostasis against drastic climate changes.

주기적인 고온환경 부가와 백삼 및 홍삼 추출물의 투여가 흰쥐의 체중, 식이섭취량, 혈액성분, 장기중량 및 간의 지질과 산화에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 흰쥐를 이용한 동물모델 실험결과, 매일 $38^{\circ}C$에서 5시간씩 7일간 고온환경을 부가한 경우 주당 평균체중 증가률이 감소하는 현상이 관찰되었으나 뚜렷한 식이섭취량 변화는 없었다. 반면 고온환경 부가전후에 백삼과 홍삼 추출물을 투여한 경우에는 고온환경 부가에 따른 평균 체중증가률 감소가 억제되었다. 고온환경 부가에 의한 혈액성분 변화를 살펴본 결과에서는 적혈구수와 혈색소량은 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 백혈구수는 다소 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며 인삼 추출물 투여는 백혈구수 증가도 억제하는 효과를 나타내었다. 고온환경 부가에 따라 장기중 간장의 중량비가 감소하였고 간의 MDA 함량이 크게 증가하였다. 인삼 추출물 투여시에 고온환경부가에 따른 간의 중량감소 및 MDA 함량 증가 등의 변화도 억제되는 효과가 있었다. 특히 간의 중량변화 및 간의 지질과산화 억제효과에 있어서는 백삼보다 홍삼 추출물의 효과가 다소 우수하였으며 통계학적으로 유의적인 수준은 아니었다. 향후 인삼중의 유효성분 구명이나 관련 물질들의 활성 변화에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단되지만 고온 등 급격한 주위환경가 변화에 대한 인삼의 생체항상성 유지효과를 일부 증명할 수 있는 결과인 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Patz, J.A., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Holloway, T. and Foley, J. A. : Impacts of regional climate change on human health. Nature 438(17), 310-317 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04188
  2. Brekhman, I. I., and Dardtmow, I.V. : New substances of plants origin which increase non-specific resistance. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. 9, 419-430 (1969) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.09.040169.002223
  3. Kim, S.H., Lee, S.R., Do, J,H., Lee, S.K. and Lee, K.S. : Effects of korean red ginseng and western ginseng on body temperature, pulse rate, clinical symptoms and the hematological changes in humans. Korean J. Ginseng Sci. 19(1), 1-16 (1995)
  4. Fujimoto, K., Sakato, T., Ishimura, T., Etoh, H., Ookuma, K., Kurokawa, M., Machidori, H. : Attenuation of anorexia induced by heat or surgery during sustained adminstration of ginsenoside Rg1 into rat third ventricle. Psychopharmacology 99, 257-260 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00442819
  5. Sakato, T., Etoh, H., Fujimoto, K., Ookuma, K., Hayashi, T. and Arichi, S. : Central effects of ginsenosides on feeding behavior and response to stress in rats. Korean J. Ginseng Sci. 11, 164-172 (1987)
  6. Kang, M., Yoshimatsu, H., Oohara, A., Kurokawa, M., Ogawa, R. and Sakata, T. : Ginsenoside Rg1 modulates ingestive behavior and thermal response induced by $interleukin-1{\beta}$ in rats. Physiol. Behv. 57, 393-396 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(94)00231-S
  7. Kim, C.C. : Influence of Panax Ginseng on the response of stressful stimuli in the experimental animal exposed to various stress. Korean J. Ginseng Sci. 3, 168-186 (1979)
  8. Kaushik, S. and Kaur, J. : Chronic cold exposure affects the antioxidant defense system in various rat tissue. Clinica Chimica Acta 333, 69-77 (2003) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-8981(03)00171-2
  9. Sant'Anna, G.M., and Mortola, J.P. : Thermal and respiratory control in young rats exposed to cold during postnatal development. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A134, 449-459 (2003)
  10. Venditti, P., Rosa, R.D., Portero-Otin, M., Pamplona, R. and Meo, S.D. : cold induced hyperthyroidism produces oxidative damage in rat tissues and increases susceptibility to oxidants
  11. American Institute of Nutrition : Report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc committee on standards for nutritional studies. J. Nutr. 107, 1340-1348 (1977) https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/107.7.1340
  12. American Institute of Nutrition : Second report of the ad hoc committee on standards for nutritional studies. J. Nutr. 110, 1726 (1980) https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/110.8.1726
  13. Lee, H.S. and Csailany, A.S. : Measurement of free and bound malondialdehyde in vitamin E-deficient and -supplemented rat liver tissue. Lipids 20, 104-107 (1987)
  14. Chung, S.K., Kim, K.O., Lee, J.H., Kim, Y.C., Kim, M.Y., Lee, H.S. and Sohn, Y.K. : Effects of apple pomance on the liver demage in bromobenzene-treated rats. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 10(3), 278-281 (2001)
  15. Morley, J.E. and Levine, A.S. Stress induced eating is mediated through endogenous opiates. Science 209(12), 9-12 (1980)
  16. Tache, Y., Du Ruisseau, P., Ducharme, J.R. and Collu, R. : Pattern of adenohypophyseal hormone changes in male rats following chronic stress. Neuroendocrinology 26, 208-219 (1978) https://doi.org/10.1159/000122828
  17. Kennet, G.A., Dickson, S.L. and Curson, G. : Enhancement of some 5-HT dependent behavioural response following repeated immobilization in rats. Branin Res. 330, 253-263 (1985) https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(85)90684-5
  18. Cho, T.S., Lee, S.M., Yeom, J.H., Yu, E.J, Lim, S.W., Jang, B.S., Kim, Y.M., Yu, Y.H. and Park, M.H. : Anti-stress effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on the restraint stress in rats. J. Pharm. Soc. Korea 39, 548-553 (1995)
  19. Venditti, P., De Rosa, R. and Di Meo, S., Effects of coldinduced hyperthyoidism on $H_2O_2$ production and susceptibility to stress conditions of rat liver mitochondria. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 36(3), 348-358 (2004)