Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons (대한악안면성형재건외과학회)
권호 표지

EVALUATION OF OSTEOGENIC ACTIVITY AND MINERALIZATION OF CULTURED HUMAN PERIOSTEAL-DERIVED CELLS

배양된 인간 골막기원세포의 조골활성 및 골기질 형성의 평가

  • Park, Bong-Wook (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Byun, June-Ho (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Gyoon (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Hah, Young-Sool (Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Deok-Ryong (Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Yeong-Cheol (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, Ulsan University) ;
  • Sung, Iel-Yong (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, Ulsan University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Ryoul (Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University)
  • 박봉욱 (경상대학교 의과대학/의학전문대학원 구강악안면외과학교실, 경상대학교 건강과학연구원, 경상대학교 생명과학연구원) ;
  • 변준호 (경상대학교 의과대학/의학전문대학원 구강악안면외과학교실, 경상대학교 건강과학연구원, 경상대학교 생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이성균 (경상대학교 의과대학/의학전문대학원 구강악안면외과학교실, 경상대학교 건강과학연구원, 경상대학교 생명과학연구원) ;
  • 하영술 (경상대학교 의과대학/의학전문대학원 생화학교실, 경상대학교 건강과학연구원, 경상대학교 생명과학연구원) ;
  • 김덕룡 (경상대학교 의과대학/의학전문대학원 생화학교실, 경상대학교 건강과학연구원, 경상대학교 생명과학연구원) ;
  • 조영철 (울산대학교 의과대학 구강악안면외과학교실) ;
  • 성일용 (울산대학교 의과대학 구강악안면외과학교실) ;
  • 김종렬 (부산대학교 치과대학 구강악안면외과학교실)
  • Published : 2006.12.31
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Abstract

Autogenous bone grafts have been considered the gold standard for maxillofacial bony defects. However, this procedure could entail a complicated surgical procedure as well as potential donor site morbidity. Possibly the best solution for bone-defect regeneration is a tissue engineering approach, i.e. the use of a combination of a suitable scaffold with osteogenic cells. A major source of osteogenic cells is the bone marrow. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent and have the ability to differentiate into osteoblastic, chondrocytic, and adipocytic lineage cells. However, the isolation of cells from bone marrow has someproblems when used in clinical setting. Bone marrow aspiration is sometimes potentially more invasive and painful procedure and carries of a risk of morbidity and infection. A minimally invasive, easily accessible alternative would be cells derived from periosteum. The periosteum also contains multipotent cells that have the potential to differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. In the present study, we evaluated the osteogenic activity and mineralization of cultured human periosteal-derived cells. Periosteal explants were harvested from mandibule during surgical extraction of lower impacted third molar. The periosteal cells were cultured in the osteogenic inductive medium consisting of DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 50g/ml L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, 10 nmol dexamethasone and 10 mM -glycerophosphate for 42 days. Periosteal-derived cells showed positive alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining during 42 days of culture period. The formation of ALP stain showed its maximal manifestation at day 14 of culture period, then decreased in intensity during the culture period. ALP mRNA expression increased up to day 14 with a decrease thereafter. Osteocalcin mRNA expression appeared at day 7 in culture, after that its expression continuously increased in a time-dependent manner up to the entire duration of culture. Von Kossa-positive mineralization nodules were first present at day 14 in culture followed by an increased number of positive nodules during the entire duration of the culture period. In conclusion, our study showed that cultured human periosteal-derived cells differentiated into active osteoblastic cells that were involved in synthesis of bone matrix and the subsequent mineralization of the matrix. As the periosteal-derived cells, easily harvested from intraoral procedure such as surgical extraction of impacted third molar, has the excellent potential of osteogenic capacity, tissue-engineered bone using periosteal-derived cells could be the best choice in reconstruction of maxillofacial bony defects.

Keywords

References

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