Ocean Science Journal

The Korean Society of Oceanography (한국해양학회)
권호 표지

Some Free-Living Heterotrophic Flagellates from Marine Sediments of Tropical Australia

  • Lee, Won-Je (Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyungnam University)
  • Published : 2006.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The diversity of heterotrophic flagellates was examined at marine sediments around Cape Tribulation, Australia. The species described belong to the Alveolates, Apusomonadiae, Cercomonadida, Choanoflagellida, Cryptomonadida, Diplomonadida, Euglenozoa incertae sedis, Kathablepharidae, Kinetoplastida, Pedinellids, Stephanopogonidae, Stramenopiles, Stramenopiles incertae sedis, Thaumatomonadidae and Protista incertae sedis. Among the 51 species from 38 genera encountered in this study is one new taxon: Glissandra similis n. sp., and two new names are introduced: Goniomonas abrupta (Skvortzov 1924) nomen nodum and Cercomonas skvortzovi (Skvortzov 1977) nomen nodum. There was little evidence for endemism because most flagellates including one new taxon described here have been reported.

Keywords

References

  1. Al-Qassab, S., W.J. Lee, S. Murray, A.G.B. Simpson, and D.J. Patterson. 2002. Flagellates from stromatolites and surrounding sediments in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Acta Protozool., 41, 91-144
  2. Atkins, M.S., A.P. Teske, and O.R. Anderson. 2000. A survey of flagellate diversity at four deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the eastern Pacific Ocean using structural and molecular approaches. J. Eukar. Microbiol., 47, 400-411 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2000.tb00067.x
  3. Azam, F., T. Fenchel, J.G. Field, J.S. Gray, L.A. Meyer-Reil, and F. Thingstad. 1983. The ecological role of water-column microbes in the sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 10, 257-263 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps010257
  4. Bernard, C., A.G.B. Simpson, and D.J. Patterson. 2000. Some free-living flagellates (Protista) from anoxic habitats. Ophelia, 52, 113-142 https://doi.org/10.1080/00785236.1999.10409422
  5. Boucaud-Camou, E. 1967. Les choanoflagelles des cotes de La Manche: I. Systematique. Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, 10, 191-209
  6. Borror, A.C. 1965. New and little-known tidal marsh ciliates. Trans. Ameri. Microscop. Soc., 84, 550-565 https://doi.org/10.2307/3224801
  7. Corliss, J. O. and D.L. Lipscomb. 1982. Establishment of new order in kingdom Protista for Stephanopogon, long-known 'ciliate' revealed now as flagellate. J. Protozool., 29, 294
  8. Daugbjerg, N. and N. Vors. 1992. Preliminary results from a small scale survey of marine protists from Northern Foxe basin in the vicinity of Igloolik Island June 1992. p. 1-46. In: Research on Arctic biology, Igloolik, Northwest territories, Canada, ed. by B. Soeberg, D. Jensen, H. Schurmann, J.F. Steffensen, M.A. Curtis, N. Vors, N. Daugbjerg, and P. Bushnell
  9. Davidson, L.A. 1982. Ultrastructure, behavior, and algal flagellate affinities of the helioflagellate Ciliophrys marina, and the classification of the helioflagellates (Protista, Actinopoda, Heliozoea). J. Protozool., 29, 19-29 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1982.tb02876.x
  10. Dragesco, J. 1963. Complements a la connaissance des cilies mesopsammiques de Roscoff. I. Holotriches. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 4, 91-119
  11. Ekebom, J., D.J. Patterson, and N. Vors. 1996. Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd., 146, 251-272 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(96)80013-3
  12. Ekelund, F. and D.J. Patterson. 1997. Some heterotrophic flagellates from a cultivated garden soil in Australia. Arch. Protistenkd., 148, 461-478 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(97)80022-X
  13. Entz, G. 1884. Uber Infusorien des Golfes von Neapel. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Station de Neapel, 5, 189-444
  14. Fenchel, T. 1988. Marine plankton food chains. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 19, 19-38 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.19.110188.000315
  15. Fenchel, T., C. Bernard, G. Esteban, B.J. Finlay, P.J. Hansen, and N. Iversen. 1995. Microbial diversity and activity in a Danish fjord with anoxic deep water. Ophelia, 43, 45-100 https://doi.org/10.1080/00785326.1995.10430576
  16. Griessmann, K. 1913. Uber marine flagellaten. Arch. Protistenkd., 32, 1-78
  17. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (4th ed). International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature in association with the Natural History Museum, London
  18. James-Clark, H. 1867. On the Spongiae Ciliatae as Infusoria Flagellata. Memoire of the Boston Society of Natural History, 1/3, 305-342
  19. Jones, E.E. and G. Owen. 1974. New species of protozoa from Mobile Bay, Alabama. J. Mar. Sci., 2, 41-56
  20. Kahl, A. 1928. Die Infusorien (Ciliata) der Oldesloer Salzwasserstellen. Arch. Hydrobiol., 19, 189-246
  21. Karpov, S.A. and B.F. Zhukov. 1980. Rostromonas applanta gen. et sp. n. (Zoomastigophorea, Protozoa), a new representative of fresh-water fauna. Zoologischkei Zhurnal, 59, 1733-1735
  22. Karpov, S.A. and B.F. Zhukov. 1986. Ultrastructure and taxonomic position of Apusomonas proboscidea Alexeieff. Arch. Protistenkd., 131, 13-26 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(86)80059-8
  23. Kent, W.S. 1880-1882. A Manual of the Infusoria. Bogue, London (3 vols)
  24. Lackey, J.B. and E.W. Lackey. 1963. Microscopic algae and protozoa in the waters near Plymouth in August 1962. J. mar. biol. Ass.U.K., 43, 797-805 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400025698
  25. Lackey, J.B. and E.W. Lackey. 1970. A late summer checklist of the marine microbiota around Logy Bay, Newfoundland. Can. J. Zool., 48, 789-795 https://doi.org/10.1139/z70-138
  26. Larsen, J. 1985. Ultrastructure and taxonomy of Actinomonas pusilla, a heterotrophic member of the Pedinellales (Chrysophyceae). Br. Phycol. J., 20, 341-355 https://doi.org/10.1080/00071618500650351
  27. Larsen, J. and D.J. Patterson. 1990. Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist., 24, 801-937 https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939000770571
  28. Leadbeater, B.S.C. 1980. Four new species of loricate choanoflagellates from south Brittany, France. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 21, 345-353
  29. Lee, W.J. 2001. Diversity and distribution of free-living benthic heterotrophic flagellates in Botany Bay, Australia. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Sydney, Australia
  30. Lee, W.J. 2002. Some free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of Inchon and Ganghwa Island, Korea. Korean J. Biol. Sci. 6, 125-143 https://doi.org/10.1080/12265071.2001.9647643
  31. Lee, W.J. 2006. Heterotrophic euglenids from marine sediments of Cape Tribulation, tropical Australia. Ocean Sci. J., 41, 59-72 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03022412
  32. Lee, W.J., S.M. Brandt, N. Vors and D.J. Patterson. 2003. Darwin's heterotrophic flagellates. Ophelia, 57, 63-98 https://doi.org/10.1080/00785236.2003.10409506
  33. Lee, W.J. and D.J. Patterson. 1998. Diversity and geographic distribution of free-living heterotrophic flagellates - analysis by Primer. Protist, 149, 229-244 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1434-4610(98)70031-8
  34. Lee, W.J. and D.J. Patterson. 2000. Heterotrophic flagellates (Protista) from marine sediments of Botany Bay, Australia. J. Nat. Hist., 34, 483-562 https://doi.org/10.1080/002229300299435
  35. Lee, W.J. and D.J. Patterson. 2002. Abundance and biomass of benthic heterotrophic flagellates, and factors controlling their abundance and distribution in Botany Bay. Microb. Ecol., 43, 467-481 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-002-2000-5
  36. Lee, W.J., A.G.B. Simpson, and D.J. Patterson. 2005. Free-living heterotrophic flagellates from freshwater sites in Tasmania (Australia), a field survey. Acta Protozool., 44, 321-350
  37. Lipscomb, D.L. and J.O. Corliss. 1982. Stephanopogon, a Phylogenetically Important 'ciliate,' shown by Ultrastructural studies to be a flagellate. Science, 215, 303-304 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.215.4530.303
  38. Mignot, J.P. and G. Brugerolle. 1975. Etude ultrastructurale de Cercomonas Dujardin (=Cercobodo Krassilstchick), Protiste Flagelle. Protistologica, 11, 547-554
  39. Moriya, M., T. Nakayama, and I. Inouye. 2000. Ultrastructure and 18S rDNA sequence analysis of Wobblia lunata gen. et sp. nov., a new heterotrophic flagellate (stramenopiles, incertae sedis). Protist, 151, 41-55 https://doi.org/10.1078/1434-4610-00006
  40. Mylnikov, A.P. 1985. The key of free-living flagellates of order Diplomonadida. p. 174-198. In: Water Communities and biology of hydrobiontes, ed. by Wenyon Brugerolle. Leningra Nauka
  41. Mylnikov, A.P. 1999. New brackish water amoeboid flagellates of the genus Amastigomonas (Apusomonadida, Protozoa). Zoologeskii Zhurnal, 78, 771-777
  42. Patterson, D.J. 1994. Protozoa: Evolution and systematics. Prog. Protozool., 1-14
  43. Patterson, D.J. and G. Brugerolle. 1988. The ultrastructual identity of Stephanopogon apogon and the relatedness of the genus to other kinds of protists. Europ. J. Protistol., 23, 279-290 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(88)80045-2
  44. Patterson, D.J. and W.J. Lee. 2000. Geographic distribution and diversity of free-living heterotrophic flagellates. p. 267-287. In: The flagellates: Unity, diversity and evolution, ed. by B.S.C. Leadbeater and J.C. Green. Taylor & Francis, London and New York
  45. Patterson, D.J., K. Nygaard, G. Steinberg, and C.M. Turley. 1993. Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the Mid North Atlantic. J. mar. biol. asso. U.K., 73, 67-95 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400032653
  46. Patterson, D.J. and A.G.B. Simpson. 1996. Heterotrophic flagellates from coastal marine and hypersaline sediments in Western Australia. Europ. J. Protistol., 32, 423-448 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(96)80003-4
  47. Ruinen, J. 1938. Notizen über Salzflagellates. II. Uber die Verbreitung der Salzflagellaten. Arch. Protistenkd., 90, 210-258
  48. Schroeckh, S., W.J. Lee, and D.J. Patterson. 2003. Free-living heterotrophic flagellates from freshwater sites in mainland Australia. Hydrobiologia, 494, 131-166
  49. Simpson, A.G.B. and D.J. Patterson. 1999. The ultrastructure of Carpediemonas membranifera (Eukaryota) with reference to the 'Excavate hypothesis'. Europ. J. Protistol., 35, 353-370 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(99)80044-3
  50. Skuja, H. 1939. Beitrag zur Algenflora Lettlands II. Acta Horti Bot. Univ. Latv., 11/12, 41-169
  51. Skvortzov, B.V. 1977. The flagellates of clear and polluted waters on new taxa of genus cercobodo Krassil. A colourless flagellata of Rhizimastigaceae, Pantostomatinea. Quart. J. Taiwan Mus., 30, 89-121
  52. Thomsen, H.A. 1992. Loricabaerende Chanoflagellater (Kraveflagellater). In: Thomsen, H.A. (eds), Plankton from inner Danish Waters. An analysis of the autotrophic and heterotrophic plankton in Kattegat. HAV 90 Rapport. Danish National Agency for Environmental Protiection (in Danish, with species lists and illustrations), Havsforskning fra Miljtyrelsen, 1
  53. Thomsen, H.A., D.L. Garrison, and C. Kosman. 1997. Choanoflagellates (Acanthoecidae, Choanoflagellida) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, taxonomy and community structure with particular emphasis on the ice biota; with preliminary remarks on chonoflagellates from arctic sea ice (Northeast Water Polynya, Greeenland). Arch. Protistenkd., 148, 77-114 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-9365(97)80038-3
  54. Thomsen, H.A., G. Hallfors, S. Hallofors, and J. Ikavalko. 1993. New observations on heterotrophic protist genus Thaumatomastix (Thaumatomastigaceae, Protista incertae sedis), with particular emphasis on material from the Baltic Sea. Ann. Bot. Fennici., 30, 87-108
  55. Tong, S.M. 1994. The taxonomy and seasonal dynamics of heterotrophic flagellates in Southampton Water. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Southampton, U.K
  56. Tong, S.M. 1995. Developayella elegans gen. nov., spec. nov., a new type of heterotrophic flagellates from marine plankton. Europ. J. Protistol., 31, 24-31 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(11)80352-4
  57. Tong, S.M. 1997a. Heterotrophic flagellates from the water column in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Mar. Biol., 128, 517-536 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270050118
  58. Tong, S.M. 1997b. Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists in Southampton Water, including the description of three new species. Ophelia, 47, 71-131 https://doi.org/10.1080/00785236.1997.10427291
  59. Tong, S.M. 1997c. Choanoflagellates in Southampton Water, including the description of three new species. J. Mar. Biol. Asso. U.K., 77, 929-958 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400038546
  60. Tong, S.M., K. Nygaard, C. Bernard, N. Vors, and D.J. Patterson. 1998. Heterotrophic flagellates from the water column in Port Jackson, Sydney, Australia. Europ. J. Protistol., 34, 162-194 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(98)80027-8
  61. Tong S.M., N. Vors, and D.J. Patterson. 1997. Heterotrophic flagellates, centrohelid heliozoa and filose amoebae from marine and freshwater sites in the Antarctic. Polar Biol., 18, 91-106 https://doi.org/10.1007/s003000050163
  62. Vickerman, K., J.F. Darbyshire, and C.G. Ogden. 1974. Apusomonas proboscidea Alexeieff 1924 An unsual phagotrophic flagellate from soil. Arch. Protistenkd., 116, 254-269
  63. Vors, N. 1988. Discocelis saleuta gen. nov. et. sp. nov. (Protista incertae sedis) a new heterotrophic marine flagellate. Europ. J. Protistol., 23, 297-308 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0932-4739(88)80019-1
  64. Vors, N. 1992a. Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988-1990. Ophelia, 36, 1-109 https://doi.org/10.1080/00785326.1992.10429930
  65. Vors, N. 1992b. Heterotrophic protists (excl. dinoflagellates, loricate choanoflagellates, and ciliates). p. 195-246. In: Plankton from inner Danish Waters. An analysis of the autotrophic and heterotrophic plankton in Kattegat. HAV 90 Rapport, ed. by H.A.Tompson. Havsforskning fra Miljostyrelsen, 11. Danish National Agency for Environmental Protection
  66. Vors, N. 1993. Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from arctic marine waters (North West Territories Canada and West Greenland). Polar Biol., 13, 113-126
  67. Wailes, G.H. 1929. Fresh-water and marine protozoa from British Columbia with descriptions of new species. Museum notes Vancouver, 3, 25-30
  68. Wailes, G.H. 1939. Canadian Pacific Fauna Protozoa: Mastigophora. Can. Pac. Fauna, 1, 1-45