Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

The Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine (대한직업환경의학회)
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A Model Study on Medical Utilization of Workers with Non-Occupational Diseases:An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

계획된 행동이론을 이용한 일반질환 유소견 근로자의 의료이용 모형연구

한창현;박재용;감신;김성아;박기수

  • Published : 20061200
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Abstract

Objectives: This study was carried out to examine the factors influencing the behavioral intention and behavior of workers with non-occupational diseases when utilizing medical facilities, using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods: The first TPB questionnaire was administered to 3,116 subjects during workers’periodic health examinations at one health examination institute, between September and December in 2000. An investigation of the medical facilities utilization was also conducted by administering a second survey to the 354 subjects (11.4%) adjudged to be workers with non-occupational diseases from the results of the health examination. Results: The medical utilization rate within one month was 41.5%. To investigate the overall relationship between variables, the authors conducted a linear structural equation model analysis, based on the theory of planned behavior. The attitude toward behavior and the subjective norm both positively influenced the behavioral intention (T≥2.0). The perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention both positively influenced the behavior (T≥2.0) Conclusions: To improve the medical utilization by workers found to have diseases as a result of their health examination, the implementation of an intervention program will be necessary to increase the behavioral intention and perceived behavioral control, and care givers must pay more attention to eventually converting behavioral intention into actual behaviors.

목적: TPB를 이용하여 근로자 건강검진결과 일반질환 유소견자들의 의료기관 이용 의도와 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여 향후 근로자 건강관리의 효율화 방안을 마련하고 의료이용 행태를 변화시키는데 도움을 줄 목적으로 시행되었다. 방법: 1개 건강진단 기관에서 2000년 9월부터 12월까지 시행한 근로자 건강검진 대상자 3,116명을 대상으로 TPB에 대한 1차 설문조사를 실시하고, 검진결과 유소견 자로 판정 받은 354명(11.4%)을 최종 대상자로 하여 2차 조사인 의료기관 이용 조사를 실시하였다. 결과: 전체 유소견자의 1개월 이내 의료기관 이용률은 41.5%이었다. TPB를 이용하여 전체 유소견자에 대한 1개월 이내 의료기관 이용에 대한 행동의도와 실제 행동을 공변량구조분석한 결과, 의도에 대한 설명력은 약 37%였고, 실제 행동에 대한 설명력은 약 28%로 의도에 대한 설명력이 높게 나타났다. 행동의도에 영향을 미치는 변수는 지각된 행동통제를 제외한 태도와 주관적 규범이 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 행동에는 지각된 행동통제와 행동의도가 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: TPB를 이용한 분석을 통하여 의료기관 이용에 대한 태도, 주관적 규범, 의도와 행동과의 관계를 파악할 수 있었다. 기존의 연구들은 의료이용과 관련된 요인을 분석하는데 치중하고 있는데, 이와 더불어 사회심리적 변수를 포함한 행태이론을 적용한다면 검진 후 유소견자에 대한 건강관리를 효율적으로 하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 의료기관 이용을 더 증대시킬 수 있는 교육∙홍보 프로그램을 개발하는데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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