Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health

The Korean Academy of Preventive Dentistry and Oral Health (대한예방치과·구강보건학회)
권호 표지

Surface microhardness changes caused by commercial drinks on sound enamel of bovine teeth

일부 시판음료에 의한 정상법랑질 표면경도 변화

Youn, Hye-Jeong;Jeong, Seong-Soog;Hong, Suk-Jin;Choi, Choong-Ho
윤혜정;정성숙;홍석진;최충호

  • Published : 20060300
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this investigation were to measure the pH and fluoride concentration of drinks and to determine the changes of surface microhardness caused by commercial drinks on the sound enamel of bovine teeth. Methods: To measure the pH and fluoride concentration, three groups of drinks were selected: 10 carbonated flavored drinks, 10 mixed juices, and 10 fruit juices. To determine the changes of surface microhardness, four groups were selected: Coca-cola(Coca-cola Co, Korea), Vita500(Kwang Dong Co, Korea), Sunkist Family 100% Orange(Haitai Co, Korea)(Experimental group), and Jeju SamDaSoo(Nongshim Co, Korea)(Control group). Forty-eight sound enamel slabs were obtained from bovine teeth; 36 for the experimental groups and 12 for the control group. The four groups were treated for ten minutes, four times(12:30, 14:30, 16:30, 18:30) a day for 8 days. Until treatment time, specimens were immersed in artificial saliva. The process used in this study was called the drinks and artificial saliva cycle. Surface microhardness was measured before and after treatment of drinks(first ten minutes, each day for 8 days) using a microhardness tester(Fm-7, Future-tech Co, Japan). Statistical methods used were one-way ANOVA and repeated measured ANOVA. Results: The pH of the tested drinks was 3.37(ranged 2.39 to 4.4) and the concentration of fluoride in the drinks was 0.17 ppm(ranged below 0.01 ppm to 0.99 ppm). Surface microhardness changes of sound enamel after exposure to soft drinks during 10minutes were significantly different among the 4 groups: Vita 500(VHN 157.70${\pm}$26.00), Sunkist Family Orange(VHN 170.66${\pm}$25.77), Coca-Cola(VHN 197.90${\pm}$19.90), and Jeju SamDaSoo(VHN 291.32${\pm}$11.53). Surface microhardness changes of sound enamel after cycling of soft drinks and artificial saliva were significantly different among the 4 groups: Vita 500($\Delta$VHN 226.53${\pm}$7.68), Coca-Cola($\Delta$VHN 198.64${\pm}$16.82), Sunkist Familiy Orange($\Delta$VHN 137.26${\pm}$9.81), and Jeju SamDaSoo($\Delta$VHN -10.29${\pm}$12.12). Conclusion: In the 30 drinks tested, the pH was below 4.5 which suggested the possibility of erosion. The highest decrease in microhardness of sound enamel surface caused by 8-day exposure to commercial drinks was after 10 minutes of treatment to experimental drinks used for the cycling model. After cycling for 8 days, the surface microhardness were not recovered to the baseline microhardness value of the experimental drinks, except for the microhardness value of Juju SomDaSoo. Therefore, low pH drinks and the immersion frequency of drinks with citric acid can reduce the surface microhardness of sound enamel.

Keywords

References

  1. 김종배, 백대일, 문혁수 외 11인. 임상예방치학. 3판. 서울 : 고문사;2000:27-29
  2. EcclesJD. Tooth surface loss from abrasion, attrition and erosion. Dental Update 1982;9(7):373-381
  3. Linnett V. Kim SW. Dental erosion in children: a literature review. Pediatr Dent 2001;23(1):37-43
  4. White W, Nancolias GH. Quantitative study of enamel dissolution under conditions of controlled hydrodynamics. J Dent Res 1997;56(5):524-530
  5. Hellstroom I. Anorexia nervosa-odontologiska problem. Swed Dent J 1974;67(5):253-269
  6. Jarvinen V, Meurman JH, Hyvarinen H, Tytomaa I. Dental erosion and upper gastrointestinal disorders, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral PathoI1988;65(3):298-303 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(88)90113-2
  7. Meurman J, Toskala J, Nuutinen P, Klemetti E. Oral and dental manifestations in gastroesophageal reflux disease. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral PathoI1994;78(5):583-589 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(94)90168-6
  8. Rebecca M, David B, Angela A. Dental erosion gastrooesophageal ret1ux disease and saliva: how are they related? J Dent 2004;32(6):489-494 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2004.03.004
  9. Eccles JD, Jenkins WG. Dental erosion and diet. J Dent 1974;2(4):153-156 https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-5712(74)90044-X
  10. Johansson AK. On dental erosion and associated factors. Swed Dent J SuppI 2002;156:1-77
  11. Rytomaa I, Meurrnan JH, Franssila A. Oral hygiene products may cause dental erosion. Proc Finn Dent Soc 1989;85(3):161-166
  12. Meurman JH, Murtomaa H. Effect of effervescent vitamin C preparations on bovine teeth and on some clinical and salivary parameters in man. Scand J Dent Res 1986;94(6): 491-499
  13. Rogalla K, Finger W, Haning M. Influence of buffered and unbuffered acetylsalicylic acid on dental enamel and dentine in human teeth: an in vitro pilot study. Meth Find Exp Clin PhanmcoI1992;14(5):339-346
  14. Ten Bmggen Cate HJ. Dental erosion in industry. Gr J Ind Med 1968;25(4):249-266
  15. Zero DT. Etiology of dental erosion-extrinsic factors. Eur J Oral Sci 1996;104:162-177 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.1996.tb00065.x
  16. Johansson AK, Lingstrom P, Birkhed D. Comparison of factors potentially related to the occurrence of dental erosion in high-and low-erosion groups. Eur J Oral Sci 2002;110(3):204-211 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.11211.x
  17. 한국소비자보호원/자료실/음료의 안전성 실태조사. [on line] http://www.cpb.or.kr/ 음료의 안정성 실태조사 2005.9.10
  18. Meuninghoff LA, Johnson MH. Erosion a case caused by unusual diet. J Am Dent Assoc 1982;104:51-52 https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1982.0147
  19. Lussi A, Jaeggi T,Jaeggi-Scharer S. Prediction of the erosive potential of some beverages. Caries Res 1995;29(5):349354 https://doi.org/10.1159/000262091
  20. Johansson AK, Lingstrom P, Imfeld T, Birkhed D. Influence of drinking method on tooth-surface pH in relation to dental erosion. Eur J Oral Sci 2004;112(6):484-489 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2004.00172.x
  21. Sanchez GA, Fernandez DE, Preliasco MY. Salivary pH changes during soft drinks consumption in children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2003; 13( 4):251-257 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-263X.2003.00469.x
  22. Muller RF, Gortner RA Jr. The influence of sugar content on pH in vivo decalcification of rat molar teeth by acid beverages. Arch Biochem Biophys 1949;20:153-158
  23. Maupome G, Aguilar-Avila M, Medrano-Ugalde HA, Borges-Yanex A. In vitro quantitative microhardness assessment of enamel with early salivary pellicles after exposure to an eroding Cola drink. Caries Res 1999;33:140-147 https://doi.org/10.1159/000016508
  24. Grenby TH, Mistry M, Desai T. Potential dental effects of infants' fruit drinks studied in vitro. Br J Nutr 1990;64:273283 https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19900028
  25. 강웅택, 최유진. 수종 청량음료가 법량질의 미소경도에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구. 경희치대논문집 1998;10:531-540
  26. 김계종, 김종열. 수종의 시판음료가 흰쥐의 법랑질 침식에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구. 대한구강보건학회지 1988; 12(1):13-25
  27. 이광희. 시중 보리음료의 우식발능. 대한소아과학회지. 1990;17(1):22-28
  28. 최대영, 신승철. 우리나라 시판 식음료의 수소이온농도지수 측정실험. 대한구강보건학회지 1996;20(3)399-410
  29. 이창윤, 김신, 정태성. 오렌지쥬스의 치아 법랑질 침식효과에 대한 연구. 소아치과학회지 2004;31(4):617-623
  30. 홍석진, 박기철, Stookey GK. 인공우식법랑질에 대한 불소함유치약의 효과. 대한구강보건학회지 1996;20:1-10
  31. 식품음료신문/산업뉴스/음료/음료 시장 3% 성장, 3조 7000억 규모. [on line] http://www.thinkfood.co.kr/음료시장3%성장, 3조7000억 규모. 2005.9.7
  32. Sanchez GA. Salivary pH change during soft drinks consumption in children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2002;12(4): 251-257
  33. Christian H, Arne H, Klaus B, Rengin A, Thomas A. Erosive effects of different acids on bovine enamel: release of calcium and phosphate in vitro. Arch Oral Biol 2005;50(6):541-552 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2004.11.002
  34. Spencer AJ Jr, Ellis L.N. The effect of fluoride and Grapefruit juice on the etching of teeth. J Nutr 1950;42(1):107-115 https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/42.2.107
  35. Sorvari R, Kiviranta I, Luoma H. Erosive effect of a sport drink mixture with and without addition of fluoride and magnesium on the molar teeth of rats. Scand J Dent Res 1988;96(3):226-231
  36. Larsen MJ, Richards A. Fluoride is unable to reduce dental erosion from soft drinks. Caries Res 2002;36(1):75-80. https://doi.org/10.1159/000057595
  37. Thylstrup A, Fejerskov O, Textbook of clinical cariology: caries chemistry and fluoride-mechanisms of action, diet and the caries process, 2nd Ed, Copenhagen: Munksgaard;1994:231-257, 288-299
  38. Rytomaa I, Meurman J, Koskinen J. In vitro erosion of bovine enamel caused by acidic drinks and other foodstuffs. Scand J Dent Res 1988;96:324-333
  39. Gregory-Head G, Curtis D. Erosion caused by gastroesphageal reflux: diagnostic considerations, J Prothodont 1997;6:278-285 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.1997.tb00108.x
  40. 안호영, 이광희, 김대업, 산성 음료에 의한 법랑질의 침식과 인공타액에 의한 재광화. 대한소아치과학회지 2002:29(1):84-91
  41. Fuller JL, Johnson WW. Citric acid consumption and the human dentin, J Am Dent Assoc 1977;95(1):80-84 https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1977.0551
  42. Maupome G, Diez-de-Bonilla J, Torres-Villasenor G, Andrade-Delgado LC, Castano VM. In vitro quantitative assessment of enamel microhardness after exposure to eroding immersion in a cola drink. Caries Res 1998;32:148153 https://doi.org/10.1159/000016445
  43. Van Eygen I, Vannet BV, Wehrbein H. Influence of a soft drink with low pH on enamel surfaces: an in vitro study, Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005;128(3):372-377 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.03.036