Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing (대한간호학회지)

Korean Society of Nursing Science (한국간호과학회)
권호 표지

Effects of Walking Exercise Intensities on Fatigue, Serum Lipids and Immune Function among Middle-Aged Women

걷기운동의 강도가 중년여성의 피로, 혈중지질, 면역기능에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2006.02.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of a moderate and fast walking exercise program on middle-aged women's fatigue, serum lipids and immunoglobulins. Method: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for this study. The experiment was conducted for 10 weeks from May 17th to July 25th, 2004 with 44 middle-aged women, consisting of 16 for the moderate walking group, 15 for the fast walking group and 13 for the control group. Result: Walking exercise at both a moderate and fast speed was effective in middle-aged women in reducing fatigue and serum lipids. It was also revealed that extended periods of exercise was more effective in decreasing fatigue while for reducing serum lipid, high intensity exercise was more effective. In this study, serum immunoglobulins were reduced after moderate and fast walking exercise but its cause was not fully understood so further research is needed. Conclusion: This study helps us recognize the importance of regular exercise and promotes motivation to exercise for a healthy life among middle-aged women.

Keywords

References

  1. ACSM (2000). ACSMs Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (6th ed.). Baltimore : American College of Sports Medicine
  2. Bruunsgaard, H., & Pedersen, B. K. (2000). Effects of exercise on the immune system in the elderly population. Immunology and Cell Biology, 78, 523-531 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1711.2000.00965.x
  3. Byeon, Y. S.(2003). Fatigue and exercise in middle-aged women. J of Korean Acad of Fundamental Nurs, 10(3), 307-315
  4. Byeon, Y. S., & Lee, J. I. (2004). Reliability and validity tests for the fatigue assessment instrument(FAI). J of Korean Acad of Fundamental Nurs, 11(2), 220-225
  5. Committee of Hyperlipemia Treatment Guide (2000). Diagnosis and treatment. Seoul : Hanyihak
  6. Friedberg, F. (2002). Does graded activity increase activity? A case study of chronic fatigue syndrome. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 33, 203-215 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7916(02)00038-1
  7. Gleeson, M., McDonald, W. A., Payne, D. B., Clancy, R. L., Cripps, W., Francis, J. L., & Fricker, P. A. (2000). Immune status and respiratory illness for elite swimmers during a 12-week training cycle. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 21(4), 302-307 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-313
  8. Havel, R. J., & Kane, J. P. (1995). Introduction : Structure and metabolism of plasma lipoprotein, in the metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease(7th ed.), Magraw-Hill : New York
  9. Janeway, C. A., Travers, P., Walport, M., & Shlomchik, M. J. (2002). Immunebiology(5th ed.). Seoul : Lifescience
  10. Kang, H, S. (2003). Study on the effect of resistive training program on the iron content and serum lipid, immunity of middle-aged women. J of Sport and Leisure Studies, 19, 1047-1056
  11. Kim, C. H., Shin, H. C., & Park, Y. W. (2000). The prevalence of chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome-a hospital based study. J of Korean Acad Fam Med, 21(10), 1288-1298
  12. Kim, H. J. (2002). The effect of exercise program on climacteric symptoms, serum calcium and lids level and cardiopulmonary function in climacteric women. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Chonnam national university, Chonju, Korea
  13. Kim, M. H. (2000). Effect of resistance training on immune function in middle aged women. The Korean J of Physical Education, 39(4), 402-413
  14. Korea National Statistical Office (2004). Statistical data of population movement. Seoul : Korea National Statistical Office
  15. Lee, Y. O., Lim, N. Y., & park, H. Y. (1998). Nursing & medical study and statistic analysis. Seoul : Soomoonsa
  16. Mattews, D. A., Manus, P., & Lane, T. J. (1991). Evaluation and management of patients with chronic fatigue. Amerian Journal of Medical Science, 302, 269-277 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000441-199111000-00002
  17. Mueller, O., Villiger, B., O'Callaghan, B., & Simon, H. U. (2000). Immunological effect of competitive versus recreational sports in cross-country skiing. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 22(1), 52-59 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-11356
  18. Northrup, C. (2000). Women's bodies, women's wisdom. Seoul : Hanmunhwa
  19. Park, C. S. (1999). A study on the relation between physical exercise and health status in middle-aged women. The J of Korean Community Nurs, 10(2), 400-411
  20. Park, C. S., Oh, J. A., & Shu, S. R. (2000). A study of the housework hours and fatigue levels in middle-aged women. The J of Korean Women's Health Nurs Acad Soc, 6(3), 398-412
  21. Pedersen, B. K., & Hoffman-Goetz, L. (2000). Exercise and the immune system Regulation, integration, and adaptation. Physiological Reviews, 80(3), 1055-1081 https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.2000.80.3.1055
  22. Schwartz, J. E., Jandorf, L., & Krupp, L. B. (1993). The measurement of fatigue : A new instrument. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 37(7), 753-762 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(93)90104-N
  23. Seo, H. G. (2003). The effects of continuous and intermittent running on body composition, serum lipids and lipoproteins in middle-aged woman. J of Korea Sports Med, 21(1), 35-42
  24. Shin, H. C. (2001). Overview of chronic fatigue syndrome for primary care physicians. J Korean Acad Fam Med, 22(12). 1717-1742
  25. Sisto, S. A., Tapp, W. N., LaManca, J. J., ling, W., Korn, L. R., Nelson, A. J., & Natelson, B. H. (1998). Physical activity before and after exercise in women with chronic fatigue syndrome. Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 91(7), 465-473 https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/91.7.465
  26. Smith, L. L. (2003). Overtraining, excessive exercise and altered immunity. Sports Medicine, 33(5), 347-364 https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333050-00002
  27. Wallman, K. E., Morton, A. R., Goodman, C., Grove, R., & Guilfoyle, A. M. (2004). Randomised controlled trial of graded exercise in chronic fatigue syndrome. MJA: Medical Journal of Austrailia, 180(9), 444-448
  28. Wilmore, J. H., & Costill, D. L. (1999). Physiology of sport and exercise(2nd). Human Kinetics, IL : Champaign
  29. Yoon, J. H., Lee, H. H., & Kim, Y. H. (2002). Analysis of energy expenditure and muscle fatigue during walking and running in obses women, J of Sport and Leisure Studies, 18, 1257-1269