Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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The Summer Distribution of Picophytoplankton in the Western Pacific

하계 서태평양의 초미소 식물플랑크톤 분포 특성 연구

  • 노재훈 (한국해양연구원 해양환경연구본부) ;
  • 유신재 (한국해양연구원 해양환경연구본부) ;
  • 강성호 (한국해양연구원 부설 극지연구소)
  • Published : 2006.03.01
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Abstract

The effect of environmental forcing on picophytoplankton distribution pattern was investigated in the tropical and subtropical western Pacific (TSWP) and the East Sea in September, 2002, and the continental shelf of the East China Sea (C-ECS) in August, 2003. The abundance of picophytoplankton populations, Synechococcus, Prochlorococcus and picoeukaryotes were determined by flow cytometry analyses. Picophytoplankton vertical profiles and integrated abundance $(0\sim100\;m)$ were compared with these three physiochemically different regions. Variation patterns of integrated cell abundance of Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus in these three regions showed contrasting results. Synechococcus showed average abundance of $84.5X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$, in the TSWP, $305.6X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$ in the C-ECS, and $125.4X10^{10}\;cells\; m^{-2}$ in the East Sea where increasing cell concentrations were observed in the region with abundant nutrient. On the other hand, Prochlorococcus showed average abundance of $504.5X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$ in the TSWP, $33.2x10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$ in the C-ECS, and $130.2X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$ in the East Sea exhibiting a distinctive pattern of increasing cell abundance in oligotrophic warm water. Although picoeukaryotes showed a similar pattern to Synechococcus, the abundance was 1/10 of Synechococcus. Synechococcus and picoeukaryotes showed ubiquitous distribution whereas Prochlorococcus generally did not appear in the C-ECS and the East Sea with low salinity environment. The average depth profiles for Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus displayed uniform abundance in the surface mixed layer with a rapid decrease below the surface mixed layer. for Prochlorococcus, a similar rapid decreasing trend was not observed below the surface mixed layer of the TSWP, but Prochlorococcus continued to show high cell abundance even down to 100 m depth. Picoeukaryotes showed uniform abundance along $0\sim100\;m$ depth in the C-ECS, and abundance maximum layer appeared in the East Sea at $20\sim30\;m$ depth.

환경특성이 초미소 식물플랑크톤의 분포에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 서태평양의 열대와 아열대 수역(TSWP)과 동해에서 2002년 9월 조사를 하였고, 동중국해 대륙붕수역 (C-ECS)은 2003년 8월에 조사를 수행하였다. 초미소 식물플랑크톤은 flow cytometry 방법을 이용 Synechoroccus, Prorhlorococcus 그리고 picoeukaryotes의 3개체군으로 구분 계수하였다. 물리화학적 환경이 상이한 3곳의 조사수역 별로 초미소 식물플랑크콘들의 수직분포, 100m 수심까지 적분된 풍도를 비교하였다. 분석결과 synechococcus와 Prochlorococcus의 적분된 개체수는 3곳의 조사수역에서 서로 상반되는 결과를 보였다. Synechococcus는 TSWP에서 정점평균 $84.5X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$의 풍도를, C-ECS에서 $305.6X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$를 동해에선 $124.5X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$의 풍도를 보여 영영염이 풍부한 지역에서 풍도가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이에 반해 Prochlorococcus는 빈 영양 환경의 TSWP에서 $504.5X10^{10}\;cells\;m^{-2}$의 가장 높은 풍도를 보였으며, 영양염 환경이 양호한 C-ECS에서 낮은 풍도를 보이는 독특한 분포양상을 나타냈다. Picoeukaryotes는 Synechococcus와 유사한 지역적 변화를 보였으나 풍도는 약 1/10정도를 나타냈다. Synechococcus와 picoeukaryotes는 모든 정점에서 출현한 반면 Prochlorococcus는 일반적으로 C-ECS와 동해의 저염 환경에서 출현하지 많았다. Synechococcus와 Prochlorococcus의 수층별 평균 풍도의 수직분포는 표면 혼합층에서 유사한 수준을 보이다 이심에서 급격한 감소를 나타냈다. 그러나 TSWP에선 풍도의 급격한 감소가 나타나지 많고 100 m 수심까지 높은 풍도를 나타냈다. Picoeukaryotes는 C-ECS에서 100 m까지 유사한 수준의 풍도를 보였으며, 동해의 $20\sim30\;m$ 수심에선 최대 풍도층이 나타났다.

Keywords

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