Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
권호 표지

A Survey of Primary and Secondary School Students' Views in Relation to a Career in Science

과학 진로와 관련된 초중등 학생들의 인식 조사

  • Published : 2006.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated students' views in relation to a career in science as a first step towards developing science career education programs and materials. The instrument was developed through preliminary surveys. The questionnaire was sent to, administered and returned by 3608 students including 1036 primary, 1137 middle, and 1435 high school students, who were selected through stratified cluster sampling from all over the country. The results were analyzed using statistical package program. The students' image view of science, preference for science and science learning, perception of science achievement, career hope for oneself, degree of hope in getting science-related job, perception about science-related career, important factors of science career choice, and their hope for science/non-science career and the reason for their choice in the past and present were investigated. The results show that "science as an experimentation activity" was the most frequent image view of science. The preference for science and science learning was more positive than the perception of science achievement. The percentage of total students who want to have science career was 21%, and this percentage of middle school students was especially low. The most frequent answers for advantages of science career were 'useful for national development', 'possible to get new knowledge', and those for disadvantages were 'dangerous', and 'too much to study'. The most frequent reason for students' choice of a science career was 'interest in science and science learning'. Judging from these results, the basic direction for science career education should be in raising the students' preference for and interest in science learning. The positive awareness for a career in science and vision for a science job in the future should be given through a science career education and science career education proper to the students' developmental stage and characteristics is more important.

본 연구의 목적은 체계적이고 종합적인 과학진로교육 프로그램 및 자료를 개발하기 위한 첫 단계의 연구로, 과학 관련 진로에 대한 초, 중, 고 학생들의 생각을 조사하는 것이다. 검사도구는 두 차례의 예비조사를 거쳐 연구자가 개발하였고, 연구대상은 지역 규모에 따른 계층별 표집을 한 초등학생 1036명, 중학생 1137명, 고등학생 1435명, 총 3608명이다. 과학에 대한 이미지, 과학선호도, 과학학습선호도, 과학성적에 대한 인식, 본인의 진로 희망, 과학 직업에 대한 희망 정도, 과학 진로에 대한 인식, 과학 관련 진로 선택과 관련된 주요 요인, 과거 및 현재의 과학 관련 진로 희망 여부 및 그 이유 등을 조사하였다. 조사 결과, 학생들의 과학에 대한 이미지는 '실험활동으로서의 과학'을 가장 많이 지니고 있었고, 과학선호도와 과학학습에 대한 선호도는 과학성적에 대한 인식보다 긍정적이었다. 과학 관련 진로를 희망하는 학생들의 비율은 21%였으며, 중학생의 경우가 특히 낮게 나타났다. 과학 진로를 선택할 때의 좋은 점으로는 '나라 발전에 도움되므로', '새로운 지식을 얻을 수 있으므로', 나쁜 점에 대해서는 '위험하므로', '공부를 많이 해야 하므로' 등을 많이 들었다. 학생들이 과학 관련 진로를 선택하는 이유는 '과학 및 과학 학습에 대한 흥미'가 가장 높은 비율을 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석 결과로부터 과학진로교육의 기본적 방향은 과학학습에 대한 선호도와 흥미를 높이는 것을 바탕으로 과학직업에 대한 긍정적 인식과 미래 사회에서의 과학관련 직업 전망을 제시해 줄 수 있어야 하며, 대상 학생의 발달 단계와 특성에 맞는 과학진로교육이 이루어져야 함이 더욱 중요하다.

Keywords

References

  1. 교육부 (1997). 과학과 교육과정. 교육부
  2. 김정화, 조부경 (2002). 유치원과 초등학교 학생의 과학 및 과학 활동에 대한 인식. 한국과학교육학회지, 22(3), 617-631
  3. 명전옥 (1986). Factors affecting science track choice of Korean high school students. 한국과학교육학회지, 6(2), 63-72
  4. 박승재 외 (2002). 초중등 학생의 과학선호도 증진 정책 연구. 국가과학기술자문회의
  5. 윤진 (2001). 과학 관련 진로 선택 요인들의 분석. 서울대학교 대학원 박사학위 논문
  6. 장경애 (2001) 과학자들의 진로 선택과정에서 드러난 부각요인 서울대학교 대학원 박사학위 논문
  7. Barman, C. R. (1997). Students' views of scientists and science: Results from a National study. Science and Children, 35(1), 18-23
  8. Barman, C. R. (1999). Completing the study: High school students' views of scientists and science. Science and Children, 36(7), 16-21
  9. Brown, B. L.(1998). What's happening ID School-to-Work programs? Practice Application Brief No.
  10. Columbus, OH: ERIC Oearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education, (ED 434 214)
  11. Gaskell, P. J., & Hepburn, G. (1997). Integration of academic and occupational Curricula in science and technology education. Science Education, 81, 469-481 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-237X(199707)81:4<469::AID-SCE6>3.0.CO;2-A
  12. Hammrich, P. L., Richardson, G. M, & Livingston, B. (2000). The sisters in science program: teaching the art of inquiry. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Association of Research in Science Teaching (New Orleans, LA, April 28-May 1, 2000)
  13. Lewis, B. F., & Collins, A. (2001). Interpretive investigation of the science-related career decisions of three African-American college students. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 38(5), 599-621 https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.1020
  14. Mason, C. L., & Kahle, J. B. (1988). Student attitudes toward science and science-related careers: A program designed to promote a stimulating gender-free learning environment. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 26(1), 25-39 https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660260104
  15. Matthew J. M (2000). Integrating science education and career and technical education. In Brief: Fast facts for policy and practice, No.3. Columbus, OH: National Dissemination Center for Career and Technical Education, (ED 447 258)
  16. Myeong, J.-O., & Crawley, F. E. (1993). Predicting and understanding Korean high school students' science track choice : Testing the theory of reasoned action by structural equation modelling. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 30(4), 381-400 https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660300406
  17. Simpson, R. D., Koballa, Jr. T. R., Oliver, J. S., & Crawley III, F. E. (1994). Research on the affective dimension of science learning, in Gabel, D. L.(eds.), Handbook of Research on Science Teaching and Learning. New York: Macmillan publishing company, Ch.6
  18. Wang, J., & Staver, J. R. (2001). Examining relationships between factors of science education and student career aspiration. Journal of Educational Research, 94(5), 312-19. May-Jun 2001 https://doi.org/10.1080/00220670109598767
  19. Woolnough, B. E. (1994). Factors affecting students' choice of science and engineering. International Journal of Science Education, 16, 659-676 https://doi.org/10.1080/0950069940160605
  20. Woolnough, B. E. (1997). Motivating students or teaching pure science? School Science Review, 78(285), 67-72