The Effects of air-borne particulate matters on the Alveolar Macrophages for the iNOS Expression and Nitric Oxide with Nitrotyrosilated-proteins Formation

미세분진이 흰쥐의 폐포대식세포에서 Nitric Oxide 생성 및 iNOS 발현과 Nitrotyrosilated-protein의 형성에 미치는 효과

  • Received : 2005.12.13
  • Accepted : 2006.04.03
  • Published : 2006.04.30

Abstract

Background : Particulate matters (PM) when inhaled is known to induce pulmonary diseases including asthma and chronic bronchitis when inhaled. Despite the epidemiological proofevidence, the pathogenesis of PM-related pulmonary diseases is unclearremain poorly understood. Methods : Primary alveolar macrophages were harvested from the SPF and inflammatory rats by bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL). The cultured primary alveolar macrophages were treated with the medium only, PM only ($5{\sim}40{\mu}g/cm^2$), LPS (5ng/ml) only, and PM with LPS for 24 and 48 hours. The level of secreted nitric oxide (NO) was assayed from the cultured medium by using the Griess reaction. The cultured cells were utilized for the western blotting against the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) proteins. Immunocyto- chemical staining against the iNOS and NT-proteins were performed in cells that cultured in the $Lab-Tek^{(R)}$ chamber slide after treatments. Results : The PM that utilizein this experiments induced NO formation with iNOS expression in the cultured SPF and inflammatory rats alveolar macrophages, by itself. When the cells were co-treated with PM and LPS, there was a statistically significant synergistic effect on NO formation and iNOS expression over the LPS effect. The cells from the sham control showed minimal immunoreactivity for the NT-proteins. Significantly higher quantities of NT-proteins were detected in the PM and PM with LPS co-treated cells than from the sham control. Conclusion : Increased iNOS expression and NO formation with increased NT-proteins formation might be involved in the pathogenesis of PM-induced lung injury.

연구배경: 본 연구는 교통량이 많은 서울의 한 대로변에서 채취된 복합적인 미세분진이 염증반응이 일어날 때 형성되는 것으로 알려진 NO와 NO를 형성하는 iNOS발현 및 NO에 의하여 생성이 증가되는 nitro-tyrosilated-protein의 발현에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 SPF 흰쥐와 염증성 흰쥐에서 분리된 폐포대식세포와 그람음성 세균의 세포벽 성분인 LPS에 감작시켜 분석하였다. 방법: SPF 흰쥐와 염증성 흰쥐의 폐포대식세포에서 PM을 농도별로 처리하였을 때와 동일한 농도에서 배양시간을 달리하였을 때 분비되는 NO를 Griess reaction 방법으로 측정하였고, iNOS와 nitrotyrosilated-protein의 발현을 세포면역화학염색법과 western blot 분석법으로 확인하였다. 결과: PM의 단독투여 및 LPS와 PM을 혼합하여 투여하였을 때 NO의 생성 및 iNOS와 nitrotyrosilated-protein의 발현을 확인할 수 있었고, 그 효과는 LPS를 단독투여 하였을 때보다 발현이 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 폐 내 자연적 염증성 증상이 있는 흰쥐에서 분리된 폐 내 대식세포는 PM의 농도 증가에 따라 비례하여 NO의 형성을 증가시켰다. 결론: 본 실험에 사용된 PM은 그 자체만으로도 SPF 흰쥐와 폐렴증상이 있는 흰쥐 BAL cell에서 NO의 생성을 증가시켰고, LPS가 처리된 세포들에 PM을 병용하여 투여하였을 경우에는 NO의 생성과 iNOS와 nitrotyrosilated-protein의 발현이 유의하게 상승되었다.

Keywords

References

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