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Soil Microflora and Microfauna in 29 Years of N-P-K Fertilizer Omission Plot

N-P-K 비료 29년 결제구에서의 미생물상 연구

  • Jo Chae-Hee (Department of Agricultural Environment, Gyeongbuk Agricultural Technology Administration) ;
  • Yu Sun-Nam (Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Kim Dong-Geun (Department of Agricultural Environment, Gyeongbuk Agricultural Technology Administration)
  • Published : 2006.08.01

Abstract

This study was conducted to elucidate the interactions among soil microorganisms in a special field where one, two or three of N, P, K fertilizers were continuously not applied for 29 years. Crop yield (barley, soybean), soil chemical properties and microflora and microfauna including nematodes, nematophagous fungi, actinomycetes, bacteria, and fungi were examined for two years. Tylenchorhynchus sp. was the most important plant-parasitic nematode (range $11{\sim}642/300 cm^3$ soil) followed by Pratylenchus sp. and Helicotylenchus sp. Among nematophagous fungi, Monacrosporium spp. was the most frequently found followed by Harposporium sp. and Cystopage sp. In general, plots treated with phosphate fertilizer yielded more, had more nematodes, bacteria and actinomycetes. In contrast, total fungal population densities including nematophagous fungi, Cystopage sp. and Harposporium sp. were in reverse; they were more abundant in the plots with lower phosphate contents. Phosphate and pH are positively correlated and two most important determining factors for the population density of soil organisms under investigation. According to correlation analysis, Ca, Mg, and $SiO_2$ contents in soil and population densities of Tylenchorhynchus sp., saprophitic nematodes, actinomycetes, and bacteria were positively correlated with pH, but were negatively correlated with fungal population densities. We hope that the study will add an additional knowledges to understand our mysterious underworld.

NPK 비료 1종, 2종, 혹은 3종류를 29년 동안 계속하여 결핍되게 처리한 토양에서의 작물 수량 (보리, 콩), 토양 이화학성, 미생물상 (선충, 선충잡이곰팡이, 세균, 방선균, 곰팡이 밀도)을 조사하고 상호관계에 대하여 분석하였다. 선충 중에서는 Tylenchorhynchus sp.가 우점이었고 ($11{\sim}642/300 cm^3$ soil) 그 외 Pratylenchus sp. 와 Helicotylenchus sp.가 약간 발견되었으며 선충잡이곰팡이 중에서는 포식성 곰팡이 종류인 Monacrosporium spp.이 우점종이었으며, 그 외 Harposporium sp. 와 Cystopage sp. 종류가 발견되었다. 토양 이화학성 중에서 pH와 인산함량이 토양 미생물에 미치는 영향이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며 이 두 요인은 상호 정상관 관계였다. 인산이 첨가된 토양 (P, NP, PK, NPK)은 인산을 첨가하지 않은 토양 (N, NK, K)에 비하여 작물 수량이 많았고, 선충, 세균, 방선균의 밀도도 높았다. 반면 곰팡이의 밀도는 인산이 첨가된 토양 (P, NP, PK, NPK)에서는 낮았고 인산을 첨가하지 않은 토양 (N, NK, K)에는 높았다. pH는 칼슘, 고토, Tylenchorhynchus 선충 밀도, 부식선충 밀도, 곰팡이, 세균, 방선균 등 대부분의 요인과 상관관계가 높았는데, 대부분 정의상관관계였고 특이하게 곰팡이 밀도와는 부의상관관계로 나타났다.

Keywords

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