Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Fundamentals of Ecotoxicity Evaluation Methods Using Domestic Aquatic Organisms in Korea : (II) Water Flea

국내 생물종을 이용한 생태독성평가 기반연구 : (II) 물벼룩류

  • An, Youn-Joo (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Nam, Sun-Hwa (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Woo-Mi (Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University)
  • Published : 2007.09.30
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Abstract

Water fleas are very important organisms in aquatic ecosystem because they are key constituents of food webs as either glazers or foods for predators. Daphnia magna is a representative test species and it has been extensively used in ecotoxicity evaluation. However, Daphnia magna has not been found yet in Korean water environment. There are limitations of using the foreign species such as Daphnia magna to reflect domestic situations in Korea. Consequently it is mandatory to find domestic species suitable for bioassay, and to develop corresponding toxicity test methods using the domestic species. In this study, we widely collected the domestic and foreign toxicity test methods performed by using domestic water fleas in Korea. The 58 test methods were collected from the standard methods (OECD, US EPA, ASTM), government reports, SCI papers and domestic papers. Ten domestic water fleas selected were Bosmina longirostris, Ceriodaphnia dubia, Ceriodaphnia reticulata, Daphnia obtusa, Daphnia puex, Moina macrocopa, Moina micrura, Simocephalus mixtus, Simocephalus serrulatus, and Simocephalus vetulus. We suggested the domestic ecotoxicity test methods using domestic water fleas in Korea through providing a range of test conditions, and future directions for toxicity test using water flea. This study could be a useful basis for establishing the aquatic toxicity test methods with domestic organisms in Korea.

본 연구에서는 국내 수계에 서식하고 있는 수서생물을 대상으로 수행된 바 있는 국내외 독성 시험법의 노출 기간, 종말점 등 시험 세부 조건을 수렴하여, 향후 국내생태 독성시험법 개발을 위해 각 생물종별 시험 세부 조건별 범위와 생태독성평가기법 구축을 위한 방향을 제시하였다. 기존에 국내 생물종을 대상으로 국내외에서 수행된 바 있는 독성 시험법에 대한 연구 사례를 검토한 결과, OECD등의 표준시험법에서 추천한 시험종을 대상으로 한 독성자료가 상당 부분을 차지하였다. 또한 표준시험법의 공시종 이외에도 국내 생물종에 대한 소량의 연구 자료가 있었으나, 대체로 표준시험법을 개별 상황에 맞게 수정 적용한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 노출기간 및 배양액은 생물종마다 상이한 조건으로 수행된 바, 물벼룩류 독성시험에 있어서 가장 유의해야 할 조건인 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같이 국내 생물종을 이용한 생태독성평가 기반이 미비한 현 시점에서 보다 체계적인 국내생태독성시험법을 개발하기 위해서는 향후 실험 조건과 동일한 조건에서 생활사를 측정하여 보다 명확한 노출기간을 설정, 본 연구에서 선정한 물벼룩류 9종을 대상으로 도출된 생태독성시험기법에 대한 검증 그리고 기존 연구에서 사용되지 않았던 새로운 시험종 개발 및 각각의 시험종에 따른 최적 실험 조건 규명이 선행되어야 할 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내 생물종을 대상으로 한 독성시험기법 및 방향을 제시함으로써 국내 수생태계 실정 및 먹이 연쇄를 통한 생물종 간 상호 관련성 등을 고려할 수 있는 국내 시험종 및 그에 따른 시험법 개발을 위한 중요한 기반이 될 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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