Analytical Science and Technology (분석과학)

The Korean Society of Analytical Sciences (한국분석과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seasonal variations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air of daycare centers

보육시설 실내공기 중 휘발성유기화합물(VOCs)의 계절적 농도변화에 대한 연구

  • Jang, Seong-Ki (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Chun, Jae-Young (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Kim, Sung-Youn (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Park, Suk-Young (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Ryu, Jung-Min (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lim, Jung-Yeon (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Woo-Suk (Indoor Air Quality Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 장성기 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 천재영 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 김성연 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 박숙영 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 류정민 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 임정연 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과) ;
  • 이우석 (국립환경과학원 실내환경과)
  • Received : 2007.09.27
  • Accepted : 2007.11.09
  • Published : 2007.12.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Daycare centers are an important indoor environment for pre-school children and exposure area with potential harmful health effects for infants and children who spend most of their daily life. Sampling was undertaken at 29 daycare centers located Seoul in Korea from January, 2006 to December 2006. The target compounds were 7 individual volatile organic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, styrene, o-xylene, TVOC). The mean concentrations of TVOC, toluene, m ,p-xylene, ethylbenzene, benzene and styrene in daycare centers were $318.7{\mu}g/m^3$, $51.6{\mu}g/m^3$, $11.7{\mu}g/m^3$, $6.5{\mu}g/m^3$, $4.2{\mu}g/m^3$, $3.6{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. Toluene occupied 17.6 % of the concentration of individual VOCs. The ratio of indoor and outdoor (I/O) of TVOC and toluene were 2.0 and 1.6, respectively. The results of characteristics according to a season of a year, the concentration of TVOC were measured $433.9{\mu}g/m^3$, and these concentrations during third quarter of the year in summer were higher than the other season. In the other four seasons, TVOC were measured 280.5 in winter, 298.3 in spring and $264.6{\mu}g/m^3$ in fall, respectively.

보육시설은 미취학전 아이들에게 중요한 실내 환경이며 하루 중 가장 많은 시간을 보내는 영유아들에 잠재적인 유해한 건강영향을 줄 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 2006년 2월에서 12월에 걸쳐 서울에 위치한 보육시설 29개 시설을 선정하여 실태조사를 하였다. 측정물질은 휘발성유기화합물 중 7개의 물질(벤젠, 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, m, p-자일렌, 스틸렌, o-자일렌 및 TVOC)을 선정하였다. 보육시설에서의 TVOC, 톨루엔, m, p-자일렌, 에틸벤젠, 벤젠 그리고 스틸렌의 평균농도는 $318.7{\mu}g/m^3$, $51.6{\mu}g/m^3$, $11.7{\mu}g/m^3$, $6.5{\mu}g/m^3$, $4.2{\mu}g/m^3$, $3.6{\mu}g/m^3$이고, 정성분석된 TVOC 중 톨루엔은 17.6%로 가장 많은 비중을 차지하였다. TVOC와 톨루엔의 실내/실외 농도비는 각각 2.0, 1.6으로 나타났다. TVOCs의 계절에 따른 오염물질의 특성결과는 여름이 $433.9{\mu}g/m^3$로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 다른 계절은 겨울 280.5, 봄 298.3 및 가을 $264.6{\mu}g/m^3$로 비슷한 경향으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. C. E. Higgins, W. H. Greist and G. Olerich, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 66, 1074-1083 (1983)
  2. L. A. Wallace, E. D. Pellizzari, T. D. Hartwell, V. Davis, L. C. Michael and R. W. Whitmore, Environ. Res., 50, 37-55 (1989) https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(89)80047-7
  3. P. Schneider, G. Lorinci, I. L. Gebefugi, J. Heinrich, A. Kettrup and H. E. Wichmann, J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol., 9, 282-292 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jea.7500030
  4. S. C. Lee and M. Chang Chemosphere 41, 109-113 (2000)
  5. M. R. Tancrede, W. L. Zeise and E. A. C. Crouch, Atmos. Eniron., 21, 2187-2205 (1987) https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(87)90351-9
  6. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Cancer risk from outdoor exposure to air toxics, PA- 450/1-90-0004a (1990)
  7. L. Wallace, Nelson, R. Ziegenfus, E. Pellizzari, L. Michael, R. Whitmore, H. Zelon, T. Hartwell and R. Perritt, J. Expos. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol., 1, 157-192 (1991).
  8. D. L. Heavner, W. T. Morgan and M. W. Ogden, Environ. Int., 21, 3-21 (1995) https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-4120(94)00018-3
  9. E. Ilgen, N. Karfich, K. Levsen, J. Angerer, P. Schneider, J. Heinrich, H. Wichmann, L. Dunemann and J. Begerow, Atmos. Environ., 35, 1235-1252 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00388-5
  10. C. Y. Chan, L. Y. Chan, X. M. Wang, Y. M. Liu, S. C. Lee, S. C. Zou, G. Y. Sheng and J. M. Fu. Atoms. Environ., 36, 2039-2047 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00097-3
  11. 손종렬, 학교 교사 내 환경위생 및 식품위생 실태조 사 (2005)
  12. 윤충식, 백동욱, 박두용, 한국산업위생학회지, 14(2), 175-180 (2004)
  13. 김윤신, 노영만, 이철민, 김기연, 김종철, 전형진, 한국환경보건학회지, 33(1), 49-56 (2007) https://doi.org/10.5668/JEHS.2007.33.1.049
  14. 김영민, 박상곤, 백성옥, 대한환경공학회 추계학술연 구발표회 논문초록집, 348-351 (1995)
  15. M. Gomzi, Atmospheric Environment 33, 4081-4086 (1999) https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00149-1
  16. WHO. Guidelines for air quality. WHO. Geneva.72-79 (2000)
  17. 김윤덕, 임수영, 한국교육시설학회지, 14(1), 52-57 (2007)
  18. 김도형, 이경훈, 김종수, 이제근, 한국대기환경학회 춘계학술대회 논문집. 540-541 (2006)
  19. US EPA. Definition and procedure for the determination of the method detection limit, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 136, Appendix B, 537 (1990)
  20. 최윤정, 한국가정과학회지, 9(2), 5-20 (2006)
  21. 김신도, 김윤신, 박성규, 박진숙, 김정호 등, 실내공 간 실내공기오염특성 및 관리방안연구. 환경부 최종 보고서, 107-110 (2002)
  22. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Sources of Indoor Air Pollution - Organic Gases Volatile Organic Compounds - VOCs. (2004). Available from : URL:http:/ /www.epa.gov/iaq/voc.html
  23. P. J. Lioy, Environ Sci Technol., 24, 938-945 (1990) https://doi.org/10.1021/es00077a001
  24. V. M. Brown and D. R. Crump, The vuilding Research Establishment Endoor Enironment Study. Part I. Construction Research Communications. London, UK, 1996