References
- 임금기, 강문일, 김상기, 남경우, 박현주, 박진량, 조경오, 이봉주. 송아지 설사분변으로부터 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli의 분리 및 특성규명. 대한수의학회지, 2006, 46, 135-142
- 이영주, 김애란, 정석찬, 송시욱, 검재홍. 닭-분 변유래 E. coli 및 Salmonella spp.의 항생제 내성 패턴. 대한수의학회지, 2005, 45, 75-83
- 함희진 , 민경섭 , 채찬희. 포유자돈 소장에서 분리된 대장균의 생화학 성상과 항생제 감수성 결과. 대한수의학회지, 1997, 37, 773-777
- 농림부,2006년 06년 양축용배합사료 생산실적. www.maf.go.kr/index.jsp. 2006
- 식품의약품안전청. 축산용 항생제 관리시스템 구축, 2005, 7-20
- 식품의약품안전청. 축산용 항생제 관리시스템 구축, 2006, 19-27
- Aaestrup, F. M., Bager, F., Jesen, N. E., Madsen, M., Meyling, A. and Wegener, H. C. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from food animals to antimicrobial growth promoters and related therapeutic agents in Denmark. APMIS, 1998, 106, 606-622 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1998.tb01391.x
- Aminov, R. I., Chee-Sanford, J. C., Garri- gues, N., Teferedegne, B., Krapac, I. J., White, B. A., Mackie, R. I. Development, validation, and application of PCR primers for detection of tetracycline efflux genes of gram-negative bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002, 68, 1786-1793 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.4.1786-1793.2002
- Andrews, J., Ashby, J., Jevous, G., Marshall, T., Lines, N. and Wise, R. A comparison of antimicrobial resistance rates in Gram-positive pathogens isolated in the UK from October 1996 to January 1997 and October 1997 to January 1998. J Aniimicrob Chemother, 2000, 45, 285-293 https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/45.3.285
- Arcangioli, M. A., Leroy-Setrin, S., Martel, J. L. and Chaslus-Dancla, E. Evolution of chloramphenicol resistance, with emergence of crossresistance to florfenicol, in bovine Salmonella Typhimurium strains implicates defmitive phage type (DT) 104. J Med Microbiol, 2000, 49, 103-110 https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-49-1-103
- Asai, T., Kojima, A., Harada, K., Ishihara, K., Takahashi, T. and Tamura, Y. Correlation between the usage volume of veterinary therapeutic antimicrobials and resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from the feces of foodproducing animals in Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis, 2005, 58, 369-372
- Bager, F. DANMAP : Monitoring antimicrobial resistance in Denmark. Int J Aniimicrob Agents, 2000, 14, 271-274 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-8579(00)00135-7
- Bauer, A. W., Kirby, M. M., Sherris, J. C. and Turck, M. Antibiotic susceptibility testing by standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol, 1966, 45, 493-496 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/45.4_ts.493
- Bywater, R., Deluyker, H., Deroover, E., De Jong, A., Marion, H., McConville, M., Rowan, T., Shryock, T., Shuster, D., Thomas, V., Valle, M. and Walters, J. A European survey of antimicrobial susceptibility among zoonotic and commensal bacteria isolated from food-producing animals. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2004, 54, 744-754 https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkh422
- Choi, c., Ham, H. J., Kwon, D., Kim, J., Cheon, D. S., Cho, W. S., Chung, H. K, Jung, T., Jung, K and Chae, C. Antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from pigs in Korea. J Vet Med Sci, 2002, 64,71-73 https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.64.71
- Dutka-Malen, S., Evers, S. and Courvalin, P. Detection of glycopeptide resistance genotype and identification to the species level of clinically relevant enterococci by PCR. J Clin Microbiol, 1995, 33, 24-27
- Fey, P. D., Safranek, T. J., Rupp, M. E., Dunne, E. F., Ribort, E., Iwen, P. c., Bradford, P. A., Angulo, F. J. and Hinrichs, S. H. Cefrriaxone-resistant Salmonella infection acquired by child from cattle. N Engl J Med, 2000, 342, 1242-1249 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200004273421703
- Hummel, R, Tschape, H. and Witte, W. Spread of plasmid mediated nourseothricin resistance due to antibiotic use in animal husbandry. J Basic Microbiol, 1986,26,461- 466 https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.3620260806
- Kang, S. G., Lee, D. Y., Shin, S. J., Abn, J. M. and Yoo, H. S. Changes in patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility and class 1 integron carriage among Escherichia coli isolates. J Vet Sci, 2005, 6, 201-205
- Lau, M. M. and Ingham, S. C. Survial of faecal indicator bacteria in bovine manure incorporated into soil. Lett Appl Microbiol, 2001, 33, 131-136 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765x.2001.00962.x
- Lee, Y. J., Kim, K. S., Kwon, Y. K and Tak, R. B. Biochemical characteristics and antimicrobials susceptibility of Salmonella gallinarum isolated in Korea. J Vet Sci, 2003, 4, 161-166
- Lester, S. C., del Pilar PIa, M., Wang, F., Perez Schael, I., Jiang, H. and o'Brien, T. The Carrage of Escherichia coli resistance to antimicrobial agents by healthy children in Boston, in Caracas, Venezuela and in Qin Pu, China. N Eng J Med, 1990, 323, 285-289 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199008023230501
- Levin, B. R, Lipsitch, M., Perrot, V., Schrag, S., Antia, R, Simonsen, L., Walker, N. M. and Stewart, F. M. The population genetics of antibiotic resistance. Clin Infect Dis, 1997, 24, S9-16 https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/24.Supplement_1.S9
- Macovei, L. and Zurek, L. Ecology of antibiotic resistance genes : characterization of enterococci from houseflies collected in food settings. Appl Environ Micorbiol, 2006, 72, 4028-4035 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00034-06
- Marano, N. N., Rossiter, S., Stamey, K., Joyce, K., Barrett, T. J., Tolldfson, L. K. and Angulo, F. J. The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) for enteric bacteria, 1996-1999: surveillance for action. J Am Vet Med Associ, 2000, 217, 1829-1830
- National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. 2004. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: fourteenth informational supplement, MlOO-S14. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, Pa
- Nuru. Fecal microflora of healthy cattle and pigs. 1972, Cornell Vet, 62, 242-253
- Pazdemik, T. L. and Corbett, M. D. Role of chloramphenicol reduction products in aplastic anemia. Pharmacology, 1980, 20, 87-94 https://doi.org/10.1159/000137348
- Phillips, Casewell, M., Cox, T., De Groot, B., Friis, C., Jones, R., Nightingale, C., Preston, R. and Waddell, J. Does the use of antibiotics in food animals pose a risk to human health? A critical review of published data. J Antimicrob Chemother, 2004, 53, 28-52 https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkg483
- Pol, M. and Ruegg, P. L. Relationship between antimicrobial drug usage and antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-positive pathogens. J Dairy Sci, 2007, 90, 262-273 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(07)72627-9
- Sawant, A. A., Hegde, N. V., Straley, B. A., Donaldson, S. C., Love, B. C., Knabel, S. J. and Jayarao, B. M. Antimicrobial - resistant enteric bacteria from dairy cattle. Appl Environ Microbiol, 2007, 73, 156-163 https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01551-06
- Shin, S. J., Kang, S. G., Nabin, R., Kang, M. L. and Yoo, H. S. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of florfenicol against bacteria isolated from bovine and porcine respiratory disease. Vet Microbiol, 2005, 206, 73-77
- Swann, M. M. 1969. Report of the joint committee on the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. HM Stationary Office. London
- Tollrfson & Miller. Antibiotic use III food animals: controlling the human health impact. J AOAC Int, 2000, 83, 245-254
- White, D. G. Characterization of chloramphenicol and florfenicol resistance in Escherichia coli associated with bovine diarrhea. J Clin Microbiol, 2000, 38, 4593-4598
- Wierup, M. The Swedish experience of the 1986 year ban of antimicrobial growth promoters, with special reference to animal health prevention, productivity, and usage of antimicrobials. Microb Drug Resist, 2001, 7, 183-190 https://doi.org/10.1089/10766290152045066
- Wilcks, A., Andersen, S. R and Licht, T. R Characterization of transferable tetracycline resis- tance genes in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from raw food. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 2005, 243, 15-19 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2004.11.028
- World Health Organization. WHO global principles for the containment of antimicrobial resistance in animals intended for food. Publication W.H.O./CDS/CSRlAPH/2000.4. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
- World Health Organization. The medical impact of the use of antimicrobials in food animals. Report of a W.H.O. meeting. Publication W.H.O./EMC/ZOO/1997.4. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
- You, J. Y., Moon, B. M., Oh, I. G., Baek, B. K., Li, L. G., Kim, B. S., Stein, B. D. and Lee, J. H Antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli 0157 from cattle in Korea. Int J Food Microbiol, 2006, 106, 74-78 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.05.013