Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
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Effects of Nitrogen Concentration and $NO_3^-:NH_4^+$ Ratio of Nutrient Solution on Stock Plant Growth, Cutting Yield, and Quality in Kalanchoe blossfeldiana

Kim, Sun-Hwa;Oh, Wook;Kim, Ki-Sun

  • Published : 2007.02.10
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Abstract

To determine the optimum N concentration and NO₃⁻:NH₄⁺ ratio of nutrient solution for stock plant growth and cuttings production, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana ‘Margrethe’ plants were applied with nutrient solutions containing N at 6, 12, and 24 mM (6 N, 12 N, and 24 N) and NO₃⁻:NH₄⁺ ratio (in mM) of 24:0, 20:4, 16:8, and 12:12 from 6 to 14 weeks after planting. High N promoted stock plant growth by increases in photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration. High N application also increased chlorophyll and soluble protein contents and accumulated more assimilates in cuttings. High N application to stock plant increased the contents of not only N but also other macroelements except K in cuttings. Especially, the 24 N treatment increased the uptake of B, an important element for adventitious rooting. Cuttings from higher N-applied stock plant rooted more rapidly and had better growth at 3 weeks after cultivation. In NO₃⁻:NH₄⁺ ratio experiment, stock plant growth was stimulated with increasing NH₄⁺ ratio. The ratio of NO₃⁻ to NH₄⁺ of 16:8 significantly increased number of cuttings, leaf area, and fresh and dry weights. NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ contents increased with increasing NO₃⁻ and NH₄⁺ ratio, respectively. The content of P was lowest at the ratio of NO₃⁻ to NH₄⁺of 24:0. However, cation contents in cuttings were higher with increasing NO₃⁻ ratio. Higher NH₄⁺, at the ratios of NO₃⁻ to NH₄⁺ of 16:8 and 12:12, significantly increased total nonstructural carbohydrates and starch contents of cuttings. Total soluble protein and chlorophyll contents were higher at the ratio of NO₃⁻ to NH₄⁺ 16:8 than at the ratio of NO₃⁻ to NH₄⁺of 24:0. After 21 days of cultivation, medium NO₃⁻:NH₄⁺ ratios, 16:8 and 20:4, positively affected rooting and growth of cuttings, increasing leaf area, root fresh and dry weights, and shoot fresh and dry weights of cuttings. Whereas, top/root ratio was smallest at the ratios of NO₃⁻ to NH₄⁺ of 20:4 and 16:8, meaning that root growth was relatively better than shoot growth. However, the highest to NH₄⁺ ratio, 12:12, negatively affected root growth of cuttings, although it somewhat promoted stock plant growth. In conclusion, we recommend to maintain N concentration at 24 mM with 16 mM NO₃⁻ and 8 mM NH₄⁺ for stock plant growth and cutting production in K. blossfeldiana ‘Margrethe’.

Keywords

References

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