Abstract
The Sorbus species were renew understood with their uses such as edible, medicinal and honey plants. Recently, that species populations were smaller than before quickly because of indiscriminate cutting for their economical uses. Therefore, this study was conducted for form a part of genetic variation protecting by genetic relationships analysis using leaf morphological characteristics among four species in the genus Sorbus. Four species in the genus Sorbus showed almost the same qualitative leaf morphology with 3 characteristics such as lanceolate or broad lanceolate leaf shape, acuminate leaf apices and glabrous leaf ~itexture. However, four species showed different magnitude in 11 quantitative characteristics with the order of magnitude as Sorbus amurensis $\geqq$ Sorbus aucuparia > Sorbus commixta $\geqq$ Sorbus sambucifolia var. pseudogracilis. Analysis of variance showed that there were signigicant differences among genus means of 11 characteristics except terminal leaflet morphological index (TLMI). Correlation coefficients were highly positively signigicant, ranged from 0.3262 to 0.9587, among 11 characteristics Oexcept number of leaflet (NL), compound leaf morphological index (CLMI) and TLML From the principal component analysis of 11 characteristics of leaf, three principal components (PCs) explained all of the total variance among 11 characteristics. The first PC explained the 50.2% of the total variance, and the third PC showed the eigenvalue greater than 1.0, 9.43% of the total variance, so that three PCs combined together explained 100% of total variance. The first PC was related with the length of compound leaf, length of rachis to first leaflet, length of rachis, width of compound leaf, length and width of terminal leaflet listed in the order of magnitude. The second PC was involved in order of the compound leaf and terminal leaflet morphological index, length and width of terminal leaflet. Therefore, those characteristics are seemed to be the prime characters for inter-specific relation among the four species in the genus Sorbus. Three groups could be classified by the cluster analysis based on 11 leaf characteristics of four species in the genus Sorbus. The first group was S. commixta and S. sambucifolica var. pseudogracilis, the second group was S. aucuparia, and the third group was S. amurensis.
마가목屬 4종류의 엽의 형태적 특성을 분석한 결과 엽형과 엽선 및 엽소질과 같은 정성적 형질은 4종류 모두 피침형 또는 넓은 피침형의 엽형(lanceolate)을 보였으며 엽선은 점첨두(acuminate)로 표면에 털이 없고 밋밋하여 평활(glabrous)한 특성을 보였다. 복엽길이 등 11가지의 정량적 특성 조사 결과는 당마가목 $\geqq$유럽마가목>마가목$\geqq$산마가목 순의 경향으로 종간 유의적 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 소엽수와 복엽 및 정소엽형지수를 제외한 엽의 형태적 특성간 상관분석 결과, 엽형질 상호간에는 모두 1% 수준의 높은 정(+)의 상관관계가 인정되었으며, 상관계수의 범위는 0.3262~0.9587로 나타났다. 조사된 11가지 엽형질에 대한 주성분분석 결과, 제1주성분의 기여도가 전체변이의 50.2%, 고유 값이 1이상인 제3주성분까지의 기여도는 전체변이에 대하여 100%의 설명력이 있었다. 제1주성분은 복엽길이, 제1소엽까지의 엽병길이, 총엽병길이, 복엽폭, 정소엽길이와 폭의 순서로, 제2주성분은 복엽 및 정소엽형지수, 정소엽길이와 폭 등의 순서로 높은 기여도를 나타내어 이들 형질들이 마가목屬의 종간 분석에 있어서 중요한 형질들임을 알 수 있었다. 마가목屬 4종류가 갖는 주성분 득점치를 새로운 변량으로 이용하는 비가중평균결합(UPGMA) 유집분석을 실시한 결과, 크게 3개의 그룹으로 구분할 수 있었으며, 제 I 그룹은 마가목과 산마가목, 제 Ⅱ그룹은 유럽마가목, 그리고 제Ⅲ 그룹은 당마가목으로 구분되었다.