Journal of the Geological Society of Korea (지질학회지)

The Geological Society of Korea (대한지질학회)
권호 표지

A review of effects of land development and urbanization on ground-water environment

도시화가 지하수에 미치는 영향 및 도시지역 지하수 문제 고찰

Lee, Jin-Yong;Koo, Min-Ho
이진용;구민호

  • Published : 2007.12.30

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Abstract

Rapid urbanization has been widely spreading in many countries where economic growth rate is great and it is accompanied by further construction of residential areas and urban facilities hosting population influx. The urbanization inevitably causes reduction of green tracts and increase of impermeable surface. This change of land surface causes perturbation in the groundwater flow system and hence results in water level decline due to lessened groundwater recharge and increase of surface runoff. In addition, possibility of groundwater contamination increases due to the increased contamination source facilities. However, the urbanization would not necessarily cause reduction of groundwater quantity but net increase of groundwater budget can be caused by excessive artificial irrigation in parks and gardens and by leakage of municipal waterworks and sewerages. In the meanwhile, large water level increase would be caused due to strict control of groundwater development and hence reduction of groundwater use in cities, which can poise a threat to stability of many buildings constructed based on the preceding lowered groundwater levels. This paper provides a review on effects of urbanization on the groundwater system.

경제성장이 빠르게 진행되고 있는 세계 각국에서 인구유입에 따른 택지조성 및 기반시설의 확충으로 도시화가 급격히 진행되고 있다. 도시화는 곧 자연녹지의 감소와 불투수성 표면의 증가를 동반한다. 이와 같은 지표지형의 변화는 결국 지하수 유동계의 변화를 유발하며 일반적으로 지표유출 증가 및 지하수 함양감소에 따른 지하수위의 하강을 초래한다. 또한 오염원으로서 도시시설물의 증가에 의해 지하수 오염가능성도 커진다. 그러나 도시화는 단순히 지하수량의 감소 영향만을 유발하는 것은 아니며 오히려 반대로 자연공원, 호수공원, 정원 등과 같은 인공녹지에 대한 과잉관개 및 상하수도 누수로 인해 지하수 물수지면에서 순증가를 보이기도 한다. 그런데 도시내 지하수 개발 규제 및 상수공급에 따른 지하수량 사용감소로 낮아진 지하수위에 기초하여 건설한 건물들이 오히려 수위상승에 의해 안전을 위협받는 경우도 발생하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 도시화가 지하수환경에 미치는 영향 및 대도시지역의 지하수 문제에 대해 관련사례 등을 통해 고찰하였다.

Keywords

References

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