Technical Divergence Observed in the Microstructure of Bronze Artifacts from the Great Hwangnam Tomb in Kyongju, Korea

Park, Jang-Sik;Jung, Young-Dong

  • Published : 20070600

Abstract

Metallurgical examination of bronze artifacts from the Great Hwangnam Tomb in Kyongju, Korea, shows that they were either cast or forged from unleaded alloys containing relatively low or negligible Sn. This clearly deviates from the early Korean bronze tradition based on casting and leaded high Sn alloys, and is also distinguished from the later tradition characterized by the use of high Sn alloys and various thermo-mechanical treatments after casting. This divergence was a transient episode leading to the nucleation of a new bronze tradition in Korea. It is suggested that the spread of iron use and the resulting demand for new bronze items served as major factors driving the search for new metallurgical techniques.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Choi, Proc. The Forum for The Fourth International Conference on the Beginning of the Use of Metals and Alloys (BUMAIV), p. 25, Japan Institute of Metals, Shimane, Japan (1996)
  2. H. T. Kang, H. S. Yu, S. Y. Moon, and H. N. Kwon, Conservation Science in Museum 2, 57, (2000)
  3. K. J. Choi and J. S. Park, J. of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment 17, 2 (2004)
  4. J. S. Park, Excavation Report of the Daejeon Gaodong Site, Jungang Research Center of the Cultural Heritage, p. 264, Korea (2003)
  5. D. N. Lee and H. J. Lee, Proc. the Fifth International Conference on the Beginning of the Use of Metals and Alloys (BUMA-V) (eds., G. H. Kim, K. W. Yi, and H. T. Kang), p. 249, Korea Institute of Metals and Materials, Gyeongju, Korea (2002)
  6. J. S. Park and R. B. Gordon, J. of Archaeological Science, (in press)
  7. Y. D. Jung and J. S. Park, J. Kor. Inst. Met. & Mater. 43, 80 (2005)
  8. J. G. Kim, D. H. Kim, B. H. Choi, Y. B. Park, J. S. Lee, K. I. Yoon, Y. J. Cho, and C. S. Shin, The Great Hwangnam Tomb-Excavation Report on the South Tomb (Text and Photos), Kyongju National Research Institute of Cultural Properties, Kyongju, Korea (1994)
  9. P. T. Craddock, World Archaeology 11, 68 (1979)
  10. I. G. Ravich, Bulletin of Metals Museum 16, 20 (1991)
  11. S. G. Cho, J. Y. Hong, J. K. Cho, M. H. Lee, H. I. Kim, J. H. Oh, Y. H. Byun, H. J. Lee, S. B. Lee, C. H. Shin, J. E. Gal, and S. M. Choi, Excavation Report of the Nonsan Wonboongni Site. Jungang Research Center of the Cultural Heritage, Daejeon Korea (2001)
  12. J. S. Park and Y. D. Jung, Kor. Inst. Met. & Mater. 42, 307 (2004)
  13. Y. D. Jung, W. S. Jung, K. J. Choi, and J. S. Park, J. Kor. Inst. Met. & Mater. 44, 359 (2006)
  14. J. S. Park and T. Nakamura, Met. Mater. –Int. 10, 245 (2004)