Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
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Urinary PAH Metabolites as Biomarkers of Environmental PAHs Exposure

환경성 PAHs 노출과 생체지표 연구

  • Lee, Kyoung-Ho (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute for Environmental Medicine, SNUMRC) ;
  • Li, Zhung-Min (College of Public Health Science, Jilin University) ;
  • Cho, Soo-Hun (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute for Environmental Medicine, SNUMRC) ;
  • Kwon, Ho-Jang (DanKook University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kang, Dae-Hee (Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute for Environmental Medicine, SNUMRC)
  • 이경호 (서울대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실, 서울대학교 의학연구원 환경의학연구소) ;
  • 이충민 (중국 길림의과대학 공중위생학과) ;
  • 조수헌 (서울대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실, 서울대학교 의학연구원 환경의학연구소) ;
  • 권호장 (단국대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실) ;
  • 강대희 (서울대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실, 서울대학교 의학연구원 환경의학연구소)
  • Published : 2007.03.31
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to see if there is any differences in urinary 1-hydroxypyrene glucuronide (1-OHPG) and 2-naphthol levels in children ($8{\sim}14$ years old) and their mothers ($30{\sim}46$ years old) living three cities in South Korea (Seoul, Incheon and Pohang) and three in China (Changchun, Datong and Kunming), where the levels of air pollution varies. The factors related with urinary biomarkers levels were also evaluated. The study subjects consisted of 118 Korean (60 children and 58 their mothers) and 120 Chinese (60 children and 60 their mothers). Urinary 1-OHPG was measured by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy after immuno-affinity purification using monoclonal antibody 8E11 and urinary 2-naphthol concentrations were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detector. Information on recent consumption of diet containing high PAHs, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), type of cooking and heating fuels, and other life-style characteristics were collected by self-administered questionnaire. The arithmetic mean of urinary 1-OHPG levels (n = 120, $mean{\pm}SD$, $6.77{\pm}7.96{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine) in Chinese were 10 fold higher than those in Korean (n = 118, $0.62{\pm}0.61{\mu}mol/mol$ creatinine) (P < 0.01). Urinary 2-naphthol levels in Chinese (n = 119, $59.50{\pm}82.29{\mu}g/g$ creatinine) were significantly higher than those in Korean (n = 117, $25.09{\pm}46.56{\mu}g/g$ creatinine) (P < 0.01). Urinary 1-OHPG and 2-naphthol levels were significantly higher in children living the polluted cities in China (Datong and Chanchun, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that living in factory area (vs. residential area) and use of coal stove as heating fuel were significant predictors for urinary 1-OHPG (overall model $R^2$= 0.46, n = 204). And ETS was predictor for urinary 2-naphthol levels in Korean ($R^2$ = 0.36, n = 46). These results indicated that urinary 1-OHPG and 2-naphthol levels were related with different ambient particulate air pollution, type of heating fuels and ETS.

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